Questions What was the ⅗ Compromise about slavery tobacco farming representation in Congress 2,. Mercantilism a. grew from Enlightenment and Great Awakening ideas b. inspired most colonists to become more loyal to the king c. placed pressure on colonists to produce cheap materials d. was the system where colonies supplied the mother country with raw materials to make finished goods 3.. At the First Constitutional Convention, colonists a. declared war on Great Britain b. ended boycott on British goods c. demanded that King George III restore their rights d. signed the Declaration of Independence 4.. Who wrote Common Sense? a. Thomas Paine c. John Locke b. James Madison d. Ben Franklin Common law is based on a. precedents c. laws passed by Congress b. Presidential decree d. Supreme Court decision

The Building Blocks of America

Magna Carta In 1215, a group of English nobles rebelled against King John and forced him to sign the Magna Carta The document protected their rights and granted them and all English people right to equal treatment under the law and a jury of one’s peers

The Glorious Revolution After the Magna Carta, a group started meeting with the king to give their opinion on matters. They became known as Parliament Grew to include common people Proved they had more power than the monarch by throwing out King James II and putting William and Mary in charge

English Bill of Rights 1689 Monarch can’t raise taxes without Parliament saying so Granted all British citizens: Right to free elections to Parliament Right to a fair trial Elimination of cruel and unusual punishment

Common Law Decisions are based on precedents (what had been done before) instead of written laws Started in England and is still what we base our property, contract, and personal injury laws on

Enlightenment Cultural movement in England during the 1600s that is the basis of many of our political and legal traditions Natural Rights- people are born free, equal and independent with the rights to life, liberty and property John Locke Social Contract- people in a society give up part of their freedom to a government in exchange for natural rights protected by said government Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Fundamental Orders Written by a group in Connecticut in 1639 America’s first written Constitution Called for: Assembly of elected representatives from each town to make laws Popular election of judges and governors

Mayflower Compact The pilgrims of Mayflower set up a set of rules to govern themselves and established a government Signed by the 41 men onboard in 1620 Established a tradition of direct democracy in New England Mostly Puritans an offshoot of the Anglican Church

The American Colonies https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ne2tzfxQ6T4

Colonies Group of people in one place ruled by an outside power US colonies were started by joint-stock companies who wanted to get rich off the natural resources of the New World In charters, King James I granted these companies land in exchange for part of the profit

Jamestown Investment of the Virginia Company Original mission was to find gold Many died of disease and starvation in the first few years Eventually tobacco is discovered and becomes the main cash crop

New England Started with Plymoth Boston is founded in 1630 and quickly becomes a major shipping center Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire Major Industry: Shipbuilding, timber, fishing, rum

Middle Colonies New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania were proprietary colonies, ruled by people with the land grant Major Industries: Wheat, Iron,

Southern Colonies Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina Tidewater regions of North Carolina and Virginia grow a lot of tobacco and rice Major Industries: tobacco, rice, indigo

Georgia Started out a penal colony for people in debt or the poor Protected the other colonies from attack by the Spanish in Florida

Indentured Servitude System that allowed the poor to come to America and work off the cost of their ticket A landowner would pay for the person to come over and in exchange they would get five to seven years of free labor If they survived the period of servitude, they would get their own farm provided by the landowner

African Slavery Arrives As more indentured servants are surviving, the landowners need another solution They start bringing over African slaves to work on their plantations The Africans do not get the rights of a colonist and don’t have to be provided with land

Triangular Trade Colonists ship rum to Africa ->Africans trade the rum for slaves -> Slaves are traded in the West Indies for sugar and molasses to make more rum in the colonies

Colonies Pull Away

The Great Awakening Period of extreme religious feelings in the colonies Stressed the importance of personal religious experiences Baptist and Methodist churches are formed Harvard, William and Mary, and Princeton are established to train ministers

Mercantilism Colonies produce goods and raw materials for the benefit of the mother country Great Britain passed the Navigation Act to put this idea into practice

French Indian War 1754-1763 Series of battles fought between the French and British in America over land Britain won and the Proclamation of 1763 was passed Set aside all land west of the Appalachian Mountains for Native American use

Albany Plan of Union Ben Franklin’s idea 1754 First attempt to make a unified government over all 13 colonies

Quartering Act Required colonists to house and feed British troops

Stamp Act of 1765 Tax on all paper goods and legal documents Sons of Liberty are formed to protest Nine states got together to protested and Britain repealed (got rid of) the act

Declaratory Acts Passed day that Stamp Acts were repealed Said that the King and England had the right to tax and make all decisions for the colonies

Townshend Acts Fancy name is a writ of assistance Allowed customs officials to search anywhere they thought could be holding smuggled goods Tax on glass, paint, oil, lead, paper, and tea Angered colonists and riots like the Boston Massacre broke out

Tea Act Gave the British East India Company the right to ship tea into the colonies without paying many taxes Mad colonists dumped 324 casks of tea into the Boston Harbor in protest=Boston Tea Party

Coercive Acts Colonists called them the Intolerable Acts Severely restricted the colonists civil rights including the right to trial by jury Designed to try and stop groups like the Sons of Liberty

First Continental Congress September 1774 State delegates met and sent a letter to King George saying that if he didn’t immediately remove the restrictions on the colonies they would boycott British goods

Lexington and Concord Because of the First Continental Congress, British troops fired on colonial militias in Massachusetts Made many colonists question their loyalty to Great Britain

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense Pamphlet released that called for independence from Britain Published January 1776

Second Continental Congress Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence is signed on July 4, 1776 List of complaints against the British government for restricting the colonies Said that the point of a government is to protect its people and the people have the right to rebel if the government doesn’t serve their needs