Expectations Get prepared for lessons quickly Bring all necessary equipment Don’t speak when I am explaining/giving instructions Don’t speak when another student has been asked to No German Be respectful

Lab rules Do not enter the lab without a member of staff present No eating No drinking Long hair tied back Clean desk policy

Year 7 - Science TERM 1 Static electricity Series and parallel circuits Current, electric potential and resistance. Dangers of electricity Magnetism and electromagnetism

Year 7 - Science TERM 2 Forces, including weight, friction buoyancy, the magnetic force and the electric force How forces affect motion and lead to deformation (Newton’s second law) Newton’s third law Free fall Force diagrams and how to add forces Hooke’s law Pressure Turning forces (moment) Units TERM 3 Describing light as rays. What are shadows? The phases of the moon Solar and lunar eclipse Concave and convex lenses (reflexion, images, diffraction) The eye Colours (The electromagnetic spectrum)

Year 7 - Science ASSESSMENT Participation in class, practicals and group work One announced, written test (“Term Test”) per term One long-form, graded lab report in term 2

Starter: What has the atom got to do with Static Electricity? Explain the parts of an atom and how they are involved in electrostatics.

STATIC ELECTRICITY The atom is made from neutrons, protons and electrons. Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus of the atom. Protons are positively charged + Electrons are negatively charged - Neutrons are neutrally charged +/- The electronic attraction (magnetic) force between the electrons and protons keeps the electrons in orbit. However, the electrons can be removed through rubbing materials together.

STATIC ELECTRICITY Protons are positively charged + Electrons are negatively charged - Neutrons are neutrally charged +/- Electrons Because the number of protons are equal to the number of electrons – the atom is neutral. Protons

STATIC ELECTRICITY This is an atom of gold, although the nucleus (protons and neutrons) are not shown. The electrons closest to the nucleus experience a much stronger ‘pull force’ from the protons – just like a magnet. Electrons further away are bound loosely and experience less pull force than the first shell electrons. This means that the outer electrons CAN be attracted away from the atom.

We will revisit this later in the lesson. STATIC ELECTRICITY Using static electricity -explain to this man that fishing in a thunderstorm is a bad idea… We will revisit this later in the lesson.

How do we make static electricity?. Static electricity is made when electrons are transferred from one material to another. This creates two opposite charged materials. What does this look like? Draw and label it. How do we make static electricity?.

How do we make static electricity?. Both items contain neutral atoms (balanced amount of protons and electrons)

How do we make static electricity?.

How do we make static electricity?. The balloons have gained electrons from the jumper, becoming overall negatively charged. The jumper has lost it´s electrons to the balloons and therefore has become overall positively charged.

How do we make static electricity?. We have now created an area of negative charge and an area of positive charge. Which the universe is not too happy about.

Conductors & Insulators. STATIC ELECTRICITY Conductors & Insulators. Static electricity works best when you have a conductor and an insulator. In our example we had two insulators (balloon and jumper). An insulator allows a build of charge to occur on the surface. If the material was a conductor then the built up charge would just flow through the material. Ouch!

Shocking Shopping Trolley STATIC ELECTRICITY Shocking Shopping Trolley We can achieve a static shock (electrical discharge) when a build up of electrons on our body comes into contact with a neutral/positively charged object. As we mentioned earlier – it is not possible for conducting materials to hold a charge. So when you grad a shopping cart you may get a little shock as the extra electrons that you have been carrying around all day – discharge (jump) to the shopping trolley as you get close to it. Ouch!