Chp. 16 Juveniles Delinquent offenders Youths who commit adult crimes Obama Juvenile Involved Youths 1.7 mil-jobs and housing

Box Cutters Most used weapon by juveniles

Spider on Drugs

Juveniles 1 in 3 are arrested by 23 According to the Campaign for the Fair Sentencing of Youth, mAccording to the Campaign for the Fair Sentencing of Youth, more than ½ of juveniles sentenced to life w/o parole had no prior record. ore than ½ of juveniles sentenced to life w/o parole had no prior record. According to the Campaign for the Fair Sentencing of Youth, more than ½ of juveniles sentenced to life w/o parole had no prior record.

Status Offender Not crimes of an adult Skipping school Violating curfew Refusing to obey parents MIP

Parental responsibility Laws Knowing your child is using drugs or skipping school You could face charges MN tickets to parents for bullying $114 Violate a municipal code

Age of Majority

Juvenile Unit Cases Juvenile is perpetrator or victim Juvenile is otherwise directly involved in the incident 16 years of age and under 17-19 years old students

Transfer Hearing=Arrest 7-14 juvenile Age and past record Seriousness of crime Rehabilitated??

Intake Social workers decide if the complaint should be transferred to juvenile court

Initial Hearing Hearing to validate arrest ie: arraignment

Preventative Detention Kept at JJC Malow junior high 5 students sent to JJC for setting smoke bombs off

Adjudicatory Hearing-Trial Trial to determine facts of case Close to the public No names released to the press No jury trial Represented by an attorney Cross-examine witnesses Find not guilty or delinquent No self incrimination Rehab programs

Juvenile Perpetrators Juvenile investigators use the following factors to determine the best course of action for a case: History of juvenile involved Nature of offense Juvenile’s attitude toward offense Diversion to community programs, rather than prosecution, is appropriate in some cases Referral to Juvenile Court for serious or repeat offenses Explain what a diversion is and how we decide if we divert Talk about Juvenile Court Focused on changing behavior Addressed whole family situation 16

Disposition=Sentencing Most important stage Sentence Investigate school, family, and psychological background Seriousness of crime Maturity Prior record Rehab possible Probation-most common

Juvenile Disposition Home probation Boot camp Community service Rehab Suitable placement

Juveniles may be treated as Adults Murder/attempted Crimes that inflict serious injury Arson Possession of 650 grams of narcotics Other major crimes

Aftercare=Parole Parole and supervision Counsels on education, jobs, vocational training, etc.

Adult System Juvenile System Persons can be legally arrested if they are suspected of committing a crime The state files formal criminal charges in the form of an indictment Persons may be released on bail or on their own recognizance or may be held in jail until trial Juveniles can be taken into custody if they are suspected of committing a delinquent act, The state files a petition with the juvenile court. Juveniles may be released into custody of their parents, held in custody until an official hearing, or placed on probation without an official hearing.

Adult System Juvenile System Decisions are made by judge or juries A trial determines whether or not an accused person is guilty beyond reasonable doubt of a specific crime. After a verdict of guilty, a sentencing hearing is held to determine the sentence. Decisions are made by hearing officers, commissioners, and juve. court judges. An adjudicatory hearing determines if the juvenile is in need of state supervision or care

Adult System Juvenile System A convicted person may be placed on probation, fined, or sentenced to a specified length of confinement in a jail or prison. Before the end of a prison term, a prisoner may be released and put on parole. Proceedings and records are public. The main goal is punishment. Juveniles judged in need of care are made wards of the court. They may bed placed on probation, paced in a group or individual foster home, fined, or committed to and unspecified length of confinement in a reform school, state institution, or camp. After release from confinement, juveniles may be supervised in a program of after care. Proceedings and records are private. The main goal is rehabilitation.

School liaison program Investigate juvenile-related matters, involving juvenile as perpetrator or victim Specialized training in areas related to juvenile crime and victimization On call investigator available 24/7 Focus on the school liaison program first 25

Duties Coordinate with school administration Investigate incidents involving students Handle incidents at school and during school Act as a resource for students, staff and parents Assist with school crisis drills and safety planning Coordinate school events requiring police presence Benefits of the School Liasion Program Work in school on day to day basis and get to know kids and develop information Example: Kid commits a crime with accomplices, I am in a position to identify his accomplices because I know who he hangs out with Speak to students in classes, crime prevention Another person in the school that kids can go to and voice their concerns, gain information on crimes Examples: Recently a student provided me with information about several cars getting broken into that led to an arrest Students have reported incidents that have happened outside of school directly to me, last a year a student reported that he was a victim of a sexual assault When a crime does occur in school, we are better equipped to investigate because we better know the kids and the circumstances Example: Bomb threat, threats against a student Get to know school officials and create a collaborative relationship Make a positive impression of law enforcement 26

School Liaison Day Typical Daily Activities 7 AM Report directly to school office, check in with school administrators Circulate in hallways while students arrive 8 AM Return calls, read new case assignments 9 AM Meet with students, open door policy 10 AM Investigative duties, conduct follow up 11 AM Assist school administrators during school lunch, visible presence 1 PM Check in at police station, turn in reports Return to school, assist administrators with incident 2 PM Resume investigative duties, report writing 3 PM School day over, end of shift Spend most of the day in the schools, also have offices in the station No day is typical, could get involved in handling an incident in the school that could take all day We also go to Court and go out and do interviews like other investigators 27

Specialized Training Interview and Interrogation Basic Detective School Forensic Interviewing Child Abuse and Exploitation Juvenile Law School Safety Certified School Resource Officers Trained investigators Then have specialized training aimed at juvenile issues Forensic interviewing, child abuse protocol 28

Typical Juvenile Cases JUVENILE PERPETRATORS JUVENILE VICTIMS STATUS OFFENDERS Larcenies, Retail Frauds MIPs, Alcohol & Tobacco Narcotics Driving-related Offenses Assaults Malicious Mischief, MDOP Physical Abuse & Neglect Sexual Abuse & Exploitation Suspicious Activity/People Incorrigibility Runaways School Truancy The offenses that we deal with fall into these three categories In my opinion, all of these crimes are important to deal with because they impact individual kids and the community Benefits of being part of this unit and having investigators that specialize in these types of crimes: Perpetrators, we have the opportunity to make an impression on the juvenile and stop them from becoming further involved in crime Victims of these types of crimes, very serious offenses and impact the quality of a person’s life and the community Status Offenders, These types of incident indicative of other problems, gives officer the opportunity to help solve a problem before it goes into the criminal realm 29

Crimes and behaviors youth may be arrested for include the following: Violent Crimes Drug and Alcohol Violations Assault Driving under the influence (DUI) Homicide Drunk and disorderly conduct Rape Robbery Drug abuse Arson Liquor law violations Auto theft Drug Possession Burglary Intent to Sell Drugs Larceny/Theft Vandalism Weapons possession

Juvenile Victims Typical crimes involving juvenile victims are child abuse/neglect, sexual assault or exploitation Cases coordinated with Child Protective Services when appropriate CARE House used for forensic interviewing START used for physical exams of sexual assault victims when appropriate These crimes do happen everywhere unfortunately Someone has to deal with them, luckily we are very well trained and equipped in Troy to give these crimes the attention they deserve Example, was talking to an investigator from another agency that handles juvenile crimes. He has 150 open cases and half of them are sexual assaults. Clearly he can’t give these cases the attention they deserve 31

Community Partnerships Child Protective Services CARE House Haven/START Program Macomb County Juvenile Casework/Probation Parent & Community Groups Have the opportunity to work with a lot of other non-law enforcement agencies 32