Nuclear Chemistry Radiation in Your Life Background Radiation

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Presentation transcript:

Nuclear Chemistry Radiation in Your Life Background Radiation Uses for Radiation

A. Background Radiation naturally in environment Sources: air, water, rocks, power plants, cosmic rays, potatoes, …….etc. Ionizing Radiation nuclear radiation can remove electrons from neutral atoms creating charged ions can break bonds in DNA (this is BAD for you) Video clip is “Everyday Radiation” from Teacher’s Domain (2 min)

A. Background Radiation radon-222 gas

A. Background Radiation radon-222 gas

A. Background Radiation radon-222 gas video clip Video clip is “Radon Radiation” from Teacher’s Domain (2 min)

Typical Radiation Doses (in mrem) Approximate lethal dose ("LD50") if no treatment, entire body in a short period 450,000 Causes radiation sickness (when absorbed in a short period) no effect (0-25,000) slight blood changes (25,000-100,000) platelets & WBCs (100,000-200,000) nausea, hair loss, damage (200,000-400,000) When delivered in a single dose, increases the risk of developing cancer by 1% 10,000 Average annual dose for all people in US (300 natural, 60 medical) 360 Dose from a single full-body CT (CAT) scan 4,500 chest ... 760 abdomen…1200 pelvis…1000 head/neck…370 PET scan 2000 Medical/Dental x ray 10-40 Natural background, Denver, CO, USA (per year)(excluding radon) 180 Average airline passenger (10 flights/year) 3 Additional annual dose if you live in a brick rather than a wood house 7 U. S. population from fallout 0.06 U. S. population from nuclear power plants (per year) 0.002

B. Uses for Radiation I-131 Uses of Radiation: Medical (cancer detection/treatment) Food (irradiation kills bacteria) Industry (materials tests) Heat/Power (for nuclear power plants) I-131

Quick Quiz! Ionizing radiation can remove _______ from atoms. protons neutrons positrons electrons. 8

Quick Quiz! Most of the radiation you receive naturally is from ____. nuclear power plants X-rays from the doctor/dentist radon gas your face 9

Quick Quiz! Which of the following is a current productive use for radiation? grow healthy living cells purify water food sterilization make your little brother glow in the dark 10

Typical Radiation Doses (in mrem) Approximate lethal dose ("LD50") if no treatment, entire body in a short period 450,000 Causes radiation sickness (when absorbed in a short period) no effect (0-25,000) slight blood changes (25,000-100,000) platelets & WBCs (100,000-200,000) nausea, hair loss, damage (200,000-400,000) When delivered in a single dose, increases the risk of developing cancer by 1% 10,000 Average annual dose for all people in US (300 natural, 60 medical) 360 Dose from a single full-body CT (CAT) scan 4,500 chest ... 760 abdomen…1200 pelvis…1000 head/neck…370 PET scan 2000 Medical/Dental x ray 10-40 Natural background, Denver, CO, USA (per year)(excluding radon) 180 Average airline passenger (10 flights/year) 3 Additional annual dose if you live in a brick rather than a wood house 7 U. S. population from fallout 0.06 U. S. population from nuclear power plants (per year) 0.002

Cool Down List as many sources of natural background radiation as you can. Which are in your home? Which are inside your body? Which are in this classroom? The biggest source of background radiation is ___________________. K-40 (food water in body) (other people give you 2 mrem/ 8hr), U-238 (buildings), granite (Cent station 120mrem, Wash Capitol more than power plant) 12