Chapter 6- The Integumentary System SKIN DISORDERS

Acne Alopecia Athlete’s foot Birthmark Boil Carbuncle Cyst Dermatitis Eczema Erythema Herpes Impetigo Keloid Mole Pediculosis Pruritus Psoriasis Pustule Scabies Seborrhea Ulcer Urticaria Wart

ACNE PIMPLE POPPER Disease of sebaceous glands that produce blackheads and pimples Follicles are blocked with oil, dead skin cells, and hair. It becomes infected with bacteria. OTC medications (mild), and prescription medications (severe) PREVENTIONS

ALOPECIA Hair loss, usually sudden. Autoimmune disease anyone can get, although more prone if family member has No cure, only treatment (drugs or cosmetic techniques)

ATHLETE’S FOOT Fungal infection usually in the skin of toes and soles. Fungus contracted from walking barefoot in communal areas (showers, bathhouses, warm moist environments) Topical ointment, oral medications; wear shoes and don’t share shoes.

BIRTHMARK Congenital blemish or spot on the skin, visible at birth or shortly after. Blood vessels that have grouped together, but no one knows why they group together Laser treatment

BOILS Bacterial infection of the skin Produced when bacteria enters the hair follicle Apply warm compress, let it it burst and keep it washed with antibacterial soap Boil Popping

CARBUNCLE Bacterial infection similar to a boil, that spreads to the subcutaneous tissues Bacteria Must drain (warm compress), topical ointment or oral antibiotics carbuncle removal

CYST Liquid-filled sac or capsule that occurs within tissue and can affect any part of the body. Tumors, genetics, infections, fault in organ of developing embryo, cell defects, chronic inflammatory, duct blockages, parasite, impact injury that breaks a vessel. Surgery cyst removal

DERMATITIS Inflammation of the skin Cleaning products, allergens, stress, genetics, environmental factors Wet compresses, avoid allergen, non steroidal ointment; OTC antihistamine

ECZEMA Noncontagious skin rash that produces itching, scaling and blistering Really unknown but is presumed to be genetic or environmental factors No cure, just relief of symptoms (dry, itching)

ERYTHEMA Reddening of skin Dilation of dermal blood vessels in response to injury or inflammation anti-inflammatory drugs

HERPES Infectious disease of the skin Caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) No cure, only treatment to lessen symptoms and outbreaks

IMPETIGO Contagious disease, characterized by pustules that rupture and come covered with loosely held crusts Strep or staph bacteria that enters through cut in skin Prescription antibacterial cream, oral antibiotics, wash (do not scrub) several times a day

KELOID Elevated, enlarging fibrous scar Caused by an overgrowth of collagen tissue at site of a healed skin injury Steroids, excision, radiation, dye treatment

MOLE Fleshy skin tumor that is usually pigmented Melanocytes grown in a cluster instead of spread throughout the skin excision

PEDICULOSIS Disease produced by an infestation of lice Head to head contact with an infected person (pierce scalp with needle-like mouth parts, excrete saliva which causes itching. chemical treatments, natural products, combs, shaving, hot air, and silicone-based lotions

PRURITUS Itching of the skin Anyone can get – allergies, eczema, asthma, diabetics, pregnant women, elderly, HIV/AIDS Take care of skin, lotions, mild soaps and detergents, avoid HOT showers/baths, dry air

PSORIASIS Chronic skin disease characterized by read patches covered with silvery scales. The process of skin cells growing deep and rising to the surface occurs too quickly (weakened immune systems) Topical treatments, pills or injections, phototherapy (use of light)

PUSTULE Elevated, pus-filled area on the skin. Most are causes of acne, some could be associated with certain types of rashes or some underlying disease Apply hot compress to allow rupture, Clean area with soap and water to prevent infection, medical attention

SCABIES Disease resulting from an infestation of mites. Direct contact with an infected person Will not go away on own, prescribed lotion and possibly pill depending on severity

SEBORRHEA Greasy skin and dandruff Over active oil glands, stress, fatigue, extreme weather conditions, infrequent shampoos or skin cleaning, lotions with alcohol, acne, obesity OTC and prescription medicated shampoos and lotions

ULCER Open sore Impaired blood circulation, bacteria, virus, fungus Topical antibiotics, keep clean, improve blood flow

URTICARIA Reddish elevated patches, hives Allergic reaction (food, medicine, insects, animal dander), stress, excessive perspiration Mild – may go away on own, antihistamines Major – steroids EPI pen

WART Flesh colored raised area Caused by papillomavirus. Spread touching wart then touching another part of body, sharing razors towels or other personal items. Topical treatments (salicylic acid), freezing (liquid N), OTC medications