Learning and Behavior:

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Behavioral Theories Of Learning

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Presentation transcript:

Learning and Behavior: EQ: How are learning and behavior linked?

Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Motivation: Intrinsic Motivation is when we do something for personal gain that is an internal reward. Ex: I quit smoking because I am concerned about my health Extrinsic Motivation is when we do something for personal gain that is an external reward Ex: I go back to school so I can get the a promotion and a raise.

Conditioning: Whether classical, operant, or any other kind, conditioning is designed to modify behavior We encourage behavior we want to see and discourage behavior we don’t want to see By repeating certain stimuli with certain behavior, we can shape behavioral tendencies

Law of Effect: A law stating that if a response is made in the presence of a particular stimulus is followed by satisfaction, that response is more likely to be repeated when the stimulus is encountered. EX: When I went on a date, my lady friend commented on my cologne. For our next date, I will wear it again. Machismo By Donald Trump

Avoidance and Escape Conditioning: These conditioned responses are exhibited by an organism when they are specifically trying to avoid an unwanted stimulus We learn to avoid certain situations and people through experience EX: Mike is a “close talker”. I will try to avoid talking to him.

Shaping: Shaping is when a response is becoming closer to the desired response through conditioning This may be quickly attained or it may take a long time EX: I am trying to learn a new song on guitar. While I may not get it right away, the more I practice, the closer I get.

Conditioning Schedules: Depending on how reinforcement is scheduled, can depend on how an organism responds -Fixed Ratio -Variable Ratio -Fixed Interval -Variable Interval

Extinction: Extinction is when a trained behavior disappears due to the elimination of the reward for that behavior EX: Hank exercised every day for 50 years and was always in phenomenal shape. Now that he is 70, however, he feels old and flabby. He stops working out because he does not like the way he looks.

Learned Helplessness: Learned helplessness is when an organism learns that their response does not impact their consequences so the stop trying to change their environment. EX: Mr. Cee has an exceptionally noisy Psychology class. No matter how he changes the seats, the students will not do their work. Over time, Mr. Cee lets the students sit where they want because he feels that it will make no difference.

Explain how your behavior has been shaped as a process of learning.