INP150: Basic HTML Instructor: Paul J. Millis Introduction to HTML INP150: Basic HTML Instructor: Paul J. Millis
HTML HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language Subset of SGML (Standardized General Markup Language) Elements: Titles Paragraphs Lists Tables Images Consists of header and body
Creating HTML You can create an HTML document with any word processor or text editor HTML is not case sensitive; XHTML, the next iteration is HTML browsers will ignore any extra spaces that exist Allows you to make it readable Returns at the end of paragraphs will not appear Save as text only with an htm or html suffix (be consistent) Don’t ‘save as html’
Tags Written between angle brackets Usually come in pairs A closing tag should correspond to the last unclosed opening tag Use same command word Closing has extra forward slash Attributes precede the final closing bracket Space between multiple attributes Values should be enclosed in straight (" ") rather than curly quotes Tags are not case sensitive
Structure A Web Page contains these tags: <html>…</html> <head>…</head> <title>…</title> TITLE effects how search engines find things TITLE is what is on the blue bar on top of browser <body>…</body>
Headers Think of headers as hierarchical dividers: There are 6 levels You will seldom use more than 3 E.G. <h1>Main Heading</h1>
Paragraphs In order to start new paragraphs in HTML, use the <p> tag </P> is not required but is available and SHOULD be used   between paragraph tags will add space
Checking Your Progress Check your page in a browser (or several) FILE/OPEN PAGE is used It isn’t necessary to publish your pages before you view them Use RELOAD after making changes to Web Page
XHTML XHTML is not very different from HTML 4.01 XHTML stands for EXtensible HyperText Markup Language XHTML is aimed to replace HTML XHTML is almost identical to HTML 4.01 XHTML is a stricter and cleaner version of HTML XHTML is HTML defined as an XML application
Getting Ready for XHTML Bringing your code up to 4.01 standards is a very good start Learn to write your HTML code in lowercase letters NEVER make the bad habit of skipping end tags like the </p> or </li> Empty elements must either have an end tag or the start tag must end with /> To make your XHTML compatible with today's browsers, you should add an extra space before the "/" symbol like this: <br />, and this: <hr />. Elements must be properly nested Elements must be nested within the <html> root element