Session I - Introduction http://www.profburnett.com CMP 051 XML Introduction Session I - Introduction http://www.profburnett.com

Outline Web Building Blocks XML Technologies XML is not HTML Comparing HTML and XML XML Benefits XML-Based Languages W3C and XML XML as a Metalanguage XML as a Markup Language Future of XML 8/1/2014 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

Web Building Blocks Hypertext Stylization Interactivity Metadata 8/1/2014 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

Introduction to XML XML: Extensible Markup Language A markup language and a metalanguage Markup language To design ways to describe information for storage, transmission, or processing Metalanguage To create a formal description of another language 8/1/2014 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

XMLHttpRequest Object XML Technologies Data Structure Metadata Stylization HTML Technologies XQuery XPointer XLink XPath XSLT XSL-FO XMLHttpRequest Object DTD XML XML Schema WSDL RSS XML-Namespaces 8/1/2014 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

XML is not HTML Similarities Text-based Uses tags Uses attributes Syntax is similar in appearance 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

XML is not HTML XML goal: HTML goal: Describe data and to focus on what the data actually is Share richly structured electronic documents over the World Wide Web HTML goal: Display marked up content and apply default formatting 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

Comparing HTML and XML HTML XML Finite number of tags with predefined semantics Used to display and format data XML Create own specific tags to meet own specific needs Used to structure and define the information Semantics are defined by applications that process it or by style sheets 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

Comparing HTML and XML documents <p>ABC Co. owes us <strong>$3,17.89.</strong> This account should be monitored.</p> HTML Document <text> <client>ABC Co.</client> owes us <invant>$3,17.89</invant> <remark>This account should be monitored.</remark> </text> XML Document 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

XML Benefits XML removed 2 constraints from SGML and HTML Dependence on inflexible document markup language (HTML) with predefined tags and semantics SGML is complex and allows many powerful options 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

XML Benefits Data interchange Extensibility Smart searches Provides structure for storing data in text format, which can be used as a standard format for data interchange Extensibility Provides the ability to develop specific and unique tags Smart searches Provides high-precision searching in Web environments Granular updates Provides faster updates 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

XML-Based Languages Language Description CDF Channel Definition Format – First real world application of XML (Microsoft Developed) CML Chemical Markup Language – Allows for the conversion of current files in structure documents and provide precise location of information in files. EIL Extensible Indexing Language – Looks at the tag in a document and assigns the content between the tags in a searchable fields. ETD-ML Electronic Thesis & Dissertation Markup Language – Converts theses from MS Word into SGML/XML. FlowML XML-based format for musical notation; a format for storing audio synthesis diagrams for synthesizers. ITML Information Technology Markup Language – Set of specification for protocols, message formats and best practices. 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

XML-Based Languages Language Description MathML Mathematical Markup Language – Methodology for describing mathematical notations. SMIL Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language – Designed to integrate multimedia object into a synchronized presentation. VXML Voice Extensible Markup Language – Allow integration with the Internet through Voice-Recognition technology. XHTML HTML 4.01 written as an XML application. XSL Extensible Stylesheet Language – The style standard for XML documents. XSLT Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation – Used to transform XML documents into other types of XML documents. 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

W3C and XML World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee Purpose: To develop interoperable technologies to promote the WWW as a forum for information, commerce, communication, and collective understanding To act as a referee among those who propose or develop standards in the rapidly changing Web universe 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

W3C and XML XML shall be easily implemented over the Internet XML shall support a wide variety of applications XML shall be compatible SGML XML documents shall be legible to humans 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

W3C and XML XML document design shall be prepared quickly XML document design shall be formal and concise XML documents shall be easy to create XML markup is not required to be terse 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

XML as a Metalanguage Create other XML-based languages Create specific documents or files unique to the developer, organization, or industry Create your own XML elements 8/1/2014 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

XML as a Markup Language A set of commands that tell a program how to display content Describes a document’s logical structure Markup indicators are called tags 8/1/2014 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

Future of XML XML will be used to structure and describe Web data Provides a facility to define tags and the structural relationship between them HTML will be used to display and format data XML will not replace HTML but coexist and complement HTML in many environments 9/17/2018 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett

Review Web Building Blocks XML Technologies XML is not HTML Comparing HTML and XML XML Benefits XML-Based Languages W3C and XML XML as a Metalanguage XML as a Markup Language Future of XML Next – Chapter 1 – Writing XML 8/1/2014 Copyright © Carl M. Burnett