9. GAS LAWS AND ENGINE POWER

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Presentation transcript:

9. GAS LAWS AND ENGINE POWER BTE 1013 ENGINEERING SCIENCEs 9. GAS LAWS AND ENGINE POWER NAZARIN B. NORDIN nazarin@icam.edu.my

GAS LAWS Ideal Gases Gases are fluids, differing from liquids in that while liquids are practically incompressible and possess a definite volume, gases are readily compressible and can change their volume. The following are three laws which are found to be reasonably obeyed by the so-called permanent gases, e.g. oxygen and nitrogen, at temperatures in the region of room temperature. A gas which is considered to obey these laws exactly is called an ideal gas.

PV = nRT Ideal Gas Law R – Universal Gas Constant = 8.315 J/(mol K) n (mol) = mass (g) / molecular mass (g/mol) Avogadro’s Number – number of molecules per mole NA = 6.02 x 1023 PV = NkT k – Boltzmann’s Constant k = R = 8.315 J/(mol K) = 1.38 x 10-23 J/K NA = 6.02 x 1023/mole

Boyle’s Law – the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure applied to it when the temperature is kept constant V a 1 P Charles’s Law – the volume of a given amount of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature when the pressure is kept constant V a T T -absolute temperature

Engine Performance Criteria Indicated Mean Effective Pressure, Pi or i.m.e.p. , Pi = = i.m.e.p. Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Indicated Power, IP IP = Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Torque, T Brake Power, BP Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

BP= Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

= BP/IP Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

,(Specific fuel consumption, sfc) Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Volumetric Efficiency, v Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Energy Balance Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Morse Test Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine SME 2423-2006/2007-2

THANK YOU