The Visual System Part 2.

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Presentation transcript:

The Visual System Part 2

The Retina

S 15 Receptors for light detection Photoreceptor cells 4 light sensitive proteins: rods with 1 type 3 types of cones, each with a single type Receptor cells

Visual Acuity 120,000,000 rods and 6,000,000 cones per retina 1,200,000 retinal ganglion cells & axons 105:1 convergence ratio Fovea: cones only, 1:1 highest visual acuity but poor sensitivity

Trichromatic Theory of Color Vision “Blue” cones “Green” cones “Red” cones Web-based color deficiency test Trichromatic Theory of Color Vision

“Bleaching” of photopigments

What is the advantage of this multistep process? The cascade of events initiated by light in a photoreceptor. The result of the cascade is to close a cGMP-gated sodium channel, reducing the inward current and hyperpolarizing the membrane. Source: Kandel, Schwartz & Jessell, Principles of Neural Science, 4th Edn What is the advantage of this multistep process?

Hubel and Weisel Experiments Youtube

Parallel Processing in the Cortex Motion sensitive Color and shape sensitive

Why so much emphasis on the Visual System?

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