The Six Kingdoms

The History of Classification In the 1700’s, Linnaeus separated all life into 2 Kingdoms: Plants and Animals. More kingdoms added as knowledge of the diversity of organisms increased. We currently have 6 Kingdoms. Remember: Kingdoms are the broadest taxon: KPCOFGS

Six Kingdoms in Taxonomy organized according to type of cells, ability to make food, number of cells in body Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protists Fungi Plants Animals

Terminology Getting food autotrophs – make own food hetertrophs – get food from other sources Type of cells prokaryotic – no nucleus, membrane bound organelles, DNA is circular (plasmid), do contain ribosomes, smaller eukaryotic – with a nucleus and organelles, DNA in chromosomes, larger

Terminology Continued Body type unicellular – made of only one cell multicellular – made of more than one cell; -have cells with special functions Reproduction sexual – need male and female parents asexual – need only one parent

Archaebacteria -”ancient bacteria” -existed before dinosaurs -live in extreme environments -hot springs -acidic environment -methane -unicellular prokaryotes -some autotrophs, some heterotrophs

Extreme Environments

Eubacteria Chemical makeup is different from that of archaebacteria. -unicellular prokaryote -some autotrophs, some heterotrophs

A Typical Bacteria Cell

Protists -“odds and ends” kingdom because its organisms are pretty different from one another -most unicellular, some multicellular -eukaryotes -some autotrophs, some heterotrophs

Protozoa

A Ttypical Protist

Fungi -mushrooms, mold, and mildew -most are multicellular, some (like yeast) are unicellular -eukaryotes -all are heterotrophs -eat dead or decaying organisms

FUNGI

FUNGI includes: Unicellular Yeast

A Typical Fungal Cell Fungal Cells HAVE CELL WALLS !!!!

Plants -all plants are multicellular -all are eukaryotes -plants are autotrophs

Typical Animal Cell

Animals -all are multicellular -all are eukaryotes -all are heterotrophs

Typical Animal Cell

The Six Kingdoms Review Eubacteria- “true” bacteria (prokaryotic) Archaebacteria – “ancient” bacteria (prokaryotic” Protista – WEIRD organisms!!!! (eukaryotic) Fungi – digest dead or decaying matter (eukaryotic) Plantae - stationary, photosynthetic (eukaryotic) Animalia – mobile heterotrophs (eukaryotic)