Day One and Two Review Day One: Day Two:

To Recap: Key People: Key Battles: George Washington: main commander for the American troops Marquis de Lafayette: Frenchman who helps lead the Americans Baron von Steuben: Prussian drillmaster who trains American troops at Valley Forge Benedict Arnold: America’s first traitor Lord Cornwallis: main commander for British- surrenders to America at Yorktown Key Battles: Battle of Trenton: America’s first big victory Battle of Saratoga: turning point in the war- France agree to help the Americans Battle of Yorktown: the symbolic the war

Treaty of Paris, 1783 Official End to the war Gave the Americans all the land up to the Mississippi River (see the blue section of the map) Britain wanted easy terms for the Americans- Britain wanted to end the French American alliance

Independence: Now what?!? Had to start thinking about government… Most worried about creating a government that would not look out for their best interests So- the create the Articles of Confederation which had many specific weaknesses to prevent the government from becoming too strong

Even with the weaknesses, there was some success… Real success came in the way of expansionist policies Western land cession: states agreed to give up claim to all land to the west of their borders. All the new land granted under the Treaty of Paris would become new states Northwest Ordinance of 1787: Outline the process by which those new western territories could apply for statehood.

It all comes to the surface Shays’ Rebellion: rebellion led by a farmer named Daniel Shays who angry over taxes Burned government property- did millions of dollars of damage and even killed some government employees Goes on for over a year because the national government is unable to stop the rebellion Makes us realize that we are vulnerable to foreign attack and we need to change our government Leads to the Constitutional Convention

Before anything could happen… They had to compromise on some key issues: Representation within Congress How would slaves be represented within Congress? Slave Trade

Write in your own words what the Antifederalists believed and what the Federalists believed

Early American Presidents: Setting the Stage for U.S. Policy

From the Beginning Who was George Washington? Early Problems: The debt in America Jumpstart their economy

Dealing with the Debt! First cabinet: a group of advisors to the President Alexander Hamilton: secretary of the Treasury Thomas Jefferson: secretary of state Henry Knox: secretary of war Early political parties Anti-Federalists became the Democratic-Republicans- want less power in the national government (Jefferson) Federalists- want a strong national government (Hamilton) Alexander Hamilton: created a financial plan to help solve America’s debt- caused division between the Federalists and Democratic Republicans

Hamilton’s Plan: Hamilton wanted to pay back the foreign right way, he wanted to delay the domestic debt by about 15 years, and he wanted to assume, or take over, the individual state debt as a part of the national debt. This would cause an increase in taxes

The Rest of the Plan National Bank Whiskey Excise Protective Tariff Purpose: stabilize our economy and create a way in which our government could loan money to build businesses and expand our economy Gave more power to the national government BECAUSE no where in the Constitution did it mention a national bank Whiskey Excise What is an excise? A tax on domestic goods Tax put on Whiskey- led to the Whiskey Rebellion…showed the power of the new national government Purpose: raise money in your country Protective Tariff What is a tariff? A tax on foreign goods Purpose: raise money in your country, getting your citizens to buy goods made from companies in your countries Only part of Hamilton’s plan that does not pass through Congress