Nutrition Basics Water Protein Taurine Carbohydrates Nutrition

Nutrition Misc foods Milk Table Scraps Vegetables for dogs Toxic veggies for companion animals: onions, garlic, avocados, mushrooms, raisins, grapes, fruit pits Nutrition

Nutrition Fats Minerals Vitamins Macro-minerals: Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, chloride, potassium, magnesium Micro-minerals: Iron, zinc, copper, manganese, selenium, iodine Vitamins fat-soluble :A, D, E, K water soluble: B ,C Nutrition

Types of Food Dog/Cat Large Animal Can Dry Semi-Moist Hay Alfalfa Grass(Timothy/Orchard) Oat Grain Bran Types of Food

Life Stages Young Adult Pregnancy/Lactation Geriatric Kittens require twice the energy lb/body weight as a mature cat Puppies should gain their birth weight each week while nursing Foals will be10% of their mature weight & 60% of their mature height Adult Well balanced diet for their activity level Pregnancy/Lactation Increase the mother’s diet the last third of her gestation through weaning. Geriatric Need fewer calories and added joint supplements. Life Stages

Calories amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree MER (maintenance energy requirement): 55 x body weight (kg) = kcal/day RER (resting energy requirement) 70 kcal/kg/day DER (daily energy requirement) Body condition Score Energy

Nutrition Guaranteed Analysis Dry Matter Nutritional facts on protein, fat, fiber, moisture Dry Matter Material remaining after the removal of water (moisture) in the feed Nutrition

Nutrition Refusing to eat Offer a variety Quality Taste perception acid, bitter (cats are very sensitive), salty (enhances food), sweet (cats don’t care, dogs do) Transitioning to a new food Change food gradually over a 7-10 period. It takes a month in dogs and cats to see an overall change in the pet after changing food types or brands Nutrition