AGENDA Turn in your syllabus to the front table! Please make sure your name is legibly on it somewhere Today’s class: it’s gonna be real HIPP Homework: Enjoy your weekend and spend it outdoors and not watching Netflix

WARM UP Get into groups of four. You just survived day 1 of the zombie apocalypse. In your group of four, come up with a step by step game plan for day 2. What materials do you need? How will you get that? Where are you going to go? What ‘role’ will you play in your group?

RELIABILITY OF SOURCES (or, recognizing biases) Historical question: Who was present at the signing of the Declaration of Independence? Source 1: Hollywood movie created in 2001 about the American Revolution Source 2: Book written by a famous historian about the American Revolution, published in 1999. Source 2. Bc historians. Hollywood films have no standards for historical accuracy. Example? Which do you trust more? Why?

Historical Thinking Skill: Analyzing Documents “Analyzing documents is so H.I.P.P.!” “Quit trying to make H.I.P.P. happen! It’s not going to happen!”

What is a “document”? Any historical artifact (it doesn’t just have to be written)

Point of view/Perspective ANALYZING DOCUMENTS Historical context Intended audience Purpose Point of view/Perspective

HISTORICAL CONTEXT aka, What was going on when the doc was made that might affect its meaning or our interpretation of it? Why did Lincoln wait until 1863 to liberate the slaves? (A: It was partly a political tool to rev up support for the Civil War after 2 long years of fighting. People were exhausted and he needed something to motivate them to keep fighting for the Union.)

INTENDED AUDIENCE aka, Who was the doc originally meant for and how might that affect its meaning or our interpretation of it? Something to consider – why is a diary entry much more reliable than a public speech?

PURPOSE aka, Why was the doc made and what is its main idea?

POINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE aka, who is the author/creator of the doc and how does his/her bias change our understanding of the doc? Published in a U.S. magazine, 1899

Now it’s your turn! Work together in your groups of four to HIPP through the following documents. Each person should take notes in his or her notebook. We will discuss each document together as a class.

“I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self- evident, that all men are created equal.’… I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character… I have a dream today!” Martin Luther King, Jr., speech at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., August 28, 1963

May 2, 2011

“America’s promises do not come with a price tag “America’s promises do not come with a price tag. We meet our commitments. And that’s one reason why almost every country on Earth sees America as stronger and more respected today than they did eight years ago. America is already great. America is already strong. And I promise you, our strength, our greatness, does not depend on any one person.” - President Obama, speech at the Democratic National Convention, July 27, 2016

Gary Varvel, cartoonist for USA Today, 2015

Mercator Projection, first published in 1569 by Flemish (from France/Netherlands) cartographer

RELIABILITY OF SOURCES (or, recognizing biases) Historical question: What was slavery like in South Carolina? Source 1: Interview with former slave in 1936. The interviewer is a black man collecting oral histories for the Federal Writers’ Project. Source 2: Interview with former slave in 1936. The interviewer is a white woman collecting oral histories for the Federal Writers’ Project. Source 1. Audience – a former slave might be wary of criticizing slavery to a white governmental official. Which do you trust more? Why?

RELIABILITY OF SOURCES (or, recognizing biases) Historical question: What was the layout of the Nazi concentration camp Auschwitz? Source 1: Interview with an 80-year- old Holocaust survivor in 1985 (he was in his late 30s during the Holocaust) Source 2: Map of concentration camp found in Nazi files. Source 2! Which do you trust more? Why?

RELIABILITY OF SOURCES (or, recognizing biases) Why were Japanese Americans put in internment camps during WWII? Source 1: Government film explaining internment from 1942. Source 2: Government report on Japanese Internment from 1983 based on declassified government documents. Source 2! Which do you trust more? Why?