Examples of more specific questions: Who is known for “dualism” and what is meant by “dualism”? Compare and contrast the views and methods of the British Associationists and the Behaviorists. What is Thorndike’s “Law of Effect?” According to Watson, what is the only thing in psychology that is worthy of study? How might the emphasis and the goals of the Behaviorists be classified as “mindless.” Hint: this is a play on words, not an insult.

Procedure: rat in a box mounted on springs to measure movements

experimenter presents a sound every few seconds and measures the amount of movement to each sound

Negative Exponential

Spontaneous Recovery

Faster 2nd Time

Faster is Faster Response Amplitude Trials 50 100 2 4 6 8 10 12 50 100 Response Amplitude 2 4 6 8 10 12 Trials 1 per sec 1 per 3.2 sec Faster is Faster

Weird! Strong Less Learning??!! (stay tuned) Blocks of Trials 50 100 Response Amplitude 2 4 6 8 10 Blocks of Trials 7 V 25 V 45 V

Learning-Performance Distinction! 500 1000 1500 5 10 15 20 25 Block Sensitization Spont. Recov. Mean Response Baseline Mean Response Amplitude S.R. 1 wait 5 min light flash between trials Dishabituation More Learning?

Test Spontaneous Recovery after different numbers of trials 500 1000 1500 5 10 15 20 25 Block Sensitization Spont. Recov. Mean Response Baseline Mean Response Amplitude S.R. 1 wait 5 min Dishabituation

Less Spont. Recovery, so must have learned more 500 1000 1500 Mean Response Amplitude 1 2 3 4 5 Block After Spontaneous Recovery After Block 20 After Block 15 After Block 10 Less Spont. Recovery, so must have learned more

Generalization: Responding similarly to different stimuli. Discrimination: Responding differently to different stimuli. Possible use: Can the subject tell the difference? e.g., Rudy and Hyson Test with other tones Habituate to 2kHz tone

X Dishabituation ≠ Generalization/Discrimination ! bibi baba Old babies Young babies

Dishabituator: test for generalization Lime Lemon Original training stimulus: test for dishabituation Lemon