Photosynthesis and cellular respiration EOC review

Cell respiration video Photosynthesis video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =00jbG_cfGuQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =YeD9idmcX0w&list=PL1gul70LLx9w pQPbtph2uCjnW4UkwM4UD&index =9 Review activities/animations: http://teacherweb.com/TX/roberteleehighschool/Biology/apt16.aspx

The process used by producers/autotrophs to convert sunlight to chemical energy in glucose Overall equation: energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 Occurs in the palisade layer of leaves (yellow layer under the upper epidermis) Large numbers of chloroplasts are found in these mesophyll cells. Chloroplasts are the cellular site of photosynthesis. The light reaction of photosynthesis occurs on the inner membrane called the thylakoid. The dark reaction (aka Calvin Cycle) occurs in the stroma Pigments absorb light energy Chlorophyll / carotenoids Photosynthesis

Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms break down food to release its energy. This energy is then stored in ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) Three parts to ATP (adenine, ribose, 3 high energy phosphates) ATP/ADP cycle – when energy is needed for cell work ATP loses a phosphate to become ADP Overall equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP Respiration can be aerobic or anaerobic Glycolysis is the first step of both forms of respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm If no oxygen is present after glycolysis, then fermentation occurs If oxygen is present, then the Krebs cycle and e- transport occur in the mitochondria Cellular Respiration

Anaerobic vs. aerobic respiration Anaerobic resp. No oxygen Less energy (2-4 ATP) Cytosplasm Fermentation Lactic acid (muscles) Alcoholic (yeast) Aerobic resp. Oxygen Most energy (36-38 ATP) mitochondria Anaerobic vs. aerobic respiration

Vocab review game

Term: autotroph Term: chloroplast Definition: Organism that makes its own food Definition: Site of photosynthesis

Term: cellular respiration Term: glucose Definition: Breaking down sugars to make energy Definition: C6H12O6

Term: aerobic respiration Definition: Process requires oxygen Term: anaerobic respiration Definition: Process does not require oxygen

Term: ADP Term: ATP Definition: Adenosine diphosphate Definition: Energy storing molecule

Term: lactic acid fermentation Term: alcoholilc fermentation Definition: The process of breaking down sugar in muscles without yeast Definition: The process of breaking down sugar in yeast without oxygen

Term: chlorophyll Term: mitochondria Definition: pigment found in chloroplast that gives plants their green look Definition: organelle where aerobic respiration occurs

Term: cytoplasm Term: 36-38 Definition: part of cell where anaerobic respiration occurs Definition: number of ATP made in aerobic respiration

Term: leaves (any part that is green) Definition: number of ATP made in anaerobic respiration Definition: part of plant where photosynthesis takes place

What am I game

carbon dioxide (CO2) glucose C6H12O6 the waste gas released at the end of respiration

gas released at the end of photosynthesis oxygen (O2) Carbon dioxide gas released at the end of photosynthesis gas required for photosynthesis

stomata Root hairs →roots →stems → leaves →____ →outside plant

Practice eoc questions

Which Statement is supported by the diagram? The mitochondria uses the sun’s energy directly The end products of photosynthesis do not provide energy for cellular respiration The main source of energy for photosynthesis is carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are converted into ATP by the mitochondrion. D

A. chemical bonds are broken B. chemical bonds are formed When the human body consumes food, the mitochondria break down the bonds in glucose to form ATP. ATP then loses a phosphate to form ADP. Therefore, energy stored in food is released when… A. chemical bonds are broken B. chemical bonds are formed C. elements combine D. electrons are produced A

By which process is the potential energy of organic molecules transferred to a form of energy that is usable by the cells? A. active transport B. chemosynthesis C. photosynthesis D. respiration D

B. anaerobic respiration C. photosynthesis D. lactic acid fermentation In a wound that has scabbed over bacteria can survive underneath the skin, causing an infection. How are the bacteria able to obtain energy? A. aerobic respiration B. anaerobic respiration C. photosynthesis D. lactic acid fermentation B

Describe the efficiency of aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Essential Questions Describe the efficiency of aerobic and anaerobic respiration.   Compare the products and reactants of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Vocabulary Anaerobic respiration Aerobic respiration Lactic acid fermentation Alcoholic fermentation Photosynthesis ATP Respiration  

What cellular part is the site where ADP is converted into ATP? The organelle that converts solar energy into chemical energy? In what way are aerobic and anaerobic respiration most similar? During strenuous exercise, animals cannot take in enough air to supply their cells with the necessary oxygen. They begin to carry out lactic acid fermentation to supply their cells with the necessary energy. Lactic acid fermentation is a type of:

In what way are photosynthesis and respiration similar? A cell is capable of carrying out both photosynthesis and respiration. How would it best be described (what type of cell)? Write the equation for photosynthesis: Which process produces the most ATP molecules Which organism listed below is most likely able to carry out anaerobic respiration? (portabella mushroom/maple tree, azalea bush, tomato plant)