Types of Cells and Cell Organelles

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells What does ‘-karyotic’ mean? What does ‘Pro-’ mean? What does ‘Eu-’ mean? Having a Nucleus Before True

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells Eukaryotic cells are plant and animal cells Kingdoms: Anamalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista Prokaryotic cells are bacteria cells Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells Similarities: Ribosomes genetic material cell membrane cytoplasm

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells Differences: Prokaryotic cells less complex have circular DNA No nuclear envelope or membrane around the DNA Eukaryotic cells More complex have membrane-bound organelles double helix DNA with true nucleus, nuclear membrane or envelope around it

Structure, support and protection Cell Wall Structure, support and protection

Control center and vault for DNA Nucleus Control center and vault for DNA

Vacuole (larger and central in plants) Storage

Ribosomes Protein Synthesis

Genetic material (blueprint) DNA Genetic material (blueprint)

Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane Semi-permeable, gatekeeper (controls what goes in or out)

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) Studded with ribosomes, does protein folding

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) Lipid synthesis

Vacuum cleaner, breaks things down Lysosome Vacuum cleaner, breaks things down

Post office of the cell – packages, sorts and transports things Golgi Apparatus Post office of the cell – packages, sorts and transports things

Gatekeeper for the nucleus, it is porous Nuclear Envelope Gatekeeper for the nucleus, it is porous

Power plant for the cell, produces ATP Mitochondria Power plant for the cell, produces ATP

Produces Carbohydrates (Photosynthesis) Chloroplast Produces Carbohydrates (Photosynthesis)

Cytoplasm Jelly like substance organelles are suspended in, cellular processes take place here.

Mobility (movement) Found in bacteria, and some animal cells Flagella Mobility (movement) Found in bacteria, and some animal cells

Cilia Mobility (movement), and increases surface area Found in animals and protists, Eukaryotes only

Which organelle acts as the post office for the cell? Questions Which organelle acts as the post office for the cell? Golgi Apparatus

Which organelle synthesizes lipids? SER Questions Which organelle synthesizes lipids? SER

Which organelles are responsible for movement? Flagella and Cilia Questions Which organelles are responsible for movement? Flagella and Cilia

Questions What is the purpose of the cell membrane? To regulate what goes in/out of the cell

How does DNA look in a Prokaryotic cell? It is circular Questions How does DNA look in a Prokaryotic cell? It is circular

What makes the RER rough? It is covered in ribosomes Questions What makes the RER rough? It is covered in ribosomes