CB1 – Overarching Concepts (P11-19) Enzymes - Label the diagram: Explain in detail what is meant by the lock and key theory of enzymes. Transport - complete the table Core Practical – 1. What equipment would you need to investigate osmosis in carrots and sugar solutions of different concentrations? 2. Use the graph to estimate the concentration of sugar in the carrot. Diagram Description Example in plants Diffusion Osmosis Active Transport Enzyme graphs Q2) What does the term ‘optimum temperature’ mean? Q3) Why is there a decrease in enzyme activity between 40oC and 63oC? Questions Q1) Why is there an increase in activity from 0oC and 40oC? Applying maths Convert the following to standard form: 158000000 9350000 0.00000034 0.006624 Convert the following to normal form: 2.45x105 6.10x10-3 5.55x107 8.18x10-12 Convert the following to metres: 10,345mm 12km 145,000nm 754,000,000pm 12,000µm 13,333nm Cells - complete the table about specialised cells Microscopes – complete the table Calculate the actual size of an image if it appears to be 4cm with a magnification of 100x.

CB1 – Overarching Concepts (P11-19) Enzymes - Label the diagram: Explain in detail what is meant by the lock and key theory of enzymes. The active site is similar to a lock and the substrate is similar to a key. They have complimentary shapes. This shows how different enzymes can only break down specific substrates. Transport - complete the table Core Practical – 1. What equipment would you need to investigate osmosis in carrots and sugar solutions of different concentrations? 2. Use the graph to estimate the concentration of sugar in the carrot. 0.3mol/dm3 Diagram Description Example in plants Diffusion Osmosis Active Transport Enzyme graphs The particles have more kinetic energy and therefore there will be more successful collisions Q2) What does the term ‘optimum temperature’ mean? The temperature that enzymes work best at Q3) Why is there a decrease in enzyme activity between 40oC and 63oC? Because enzymes get to hot and their active sites change shape. This means the substrate doesn’t fit in. This is denaturing. Questions Q1) Why is there an increase in activity from 0oC and 40oC? Movement of particles from a high to low concentration Gases exchange in leaves Movement of water particles from a high to low concentration across a partially permeable membrane Water in roots Movement of particles form a low to a high concentration. Requires energy. Minerals in roots Apple corer, electronic balance, paper towel, different concentrations of sucrose, test tubes. Applying maths Convert the following to standard form: 158000000 = 1.58x108 9350000 = 9.35x106 0.00000034 = 3.40x10-7 0.006624 = 6.62x10-3 Convert the following to normal form: 2.45x105 = 245,000 6.10x10-3 = 0.00610 5.55x107 = 55,500,000 8.18x10-12 = 0.00000000000818 Convert the following to metres: 10,345mm = 10.345m 12km = 12,000m 145,000nm = 0.000145m 754,000,000pm = 0.000754m 12,000µm = 0.012m 13,333nm = 0.000013333m Cells - complete the table about specialised cells Root hair cell Absorbs water & minerals Large surface area Microscopes – complete the table - Tail - Acrosome (releases enzymes) Sperm cell Fertilises egg cell x1,500 x100,000 light electrons Small intestinal cell Absorbs nutrients Microvilli for large surface area 2D 3D Thin slice on slide Coated in gold and in a vacuum Calculate the actual size of an image if it appears to be 4cm with a magnification of 100x. 4 ÷ 100 = 0.04cm Ciliated cell Removes dust from trachea Moving hairs (cilia)