Chapter 20 Section 2 Notes The New Frontier

Kennedy’s Goals = New Frontier Increase Funding of Education Mainly Math/Science/Technology Provide Universal Health Care Especially to elderly Eliminate Poverty in U.S. The Other America Book by Michael Harrington 50 million people in poverty 25% of U.S. Help Other Poor Countries We should act as a world leader Fund Space Exploration Can’t let Soviet Union be better Remember Sputnik? Pass Civil Rights Legislation More next chapter on this

Congress disagrees with Kennedy Congress mostly Republican Opposite of JFK JFK doesn’t have a mandate Overwhelming public support Barely won 1960 election Result = most goals not accomplished during his Presidency Civil Rights protections Many in Congress still racist Affordable, Quality Health Care to elderly Too expensive to do Eliminating Poverty (same as above)

JFK & Congress attempt to improve economy Used deficit spending Borrowed $$$ Why? to get out of recession Slowdown of the economy caused by People not buying stuff Rising unemployment Increased minimum wage from 75 cents to $1.25 Signed Equal Pay Act Made it illegal for women to make less $$$ than men for doing the same job Wanted to cut taxes (doesn’t happen) Provided unemployment assistance Increased military spending Bigger size, modernized it

JFK Humanitarian Efforts Founded the Peace Corps Focus on poor Asian and African countries Volunteers (most young) helped with agriculture, education, & health Founded the Alliance for Progress U.S. govt. invests $12 billion in Latin Am. Improve living conditions Contain Communism prevent another Cuba

Kennedy focuses on Space Soviet Union had taken the lead 1st Satellite = Sputnik U.S. Satellite (Explorer) 3 months later 1st man “walking” in space = Yuri Gagarin U.S. sends Alan Shepard a month later JFK and Congress increase spending a lot Telstar = 1st TV satellite NASA gets much bigger Jet Propulsion Lab in California at 1st State of the Art Facilities for manned missions built by late 1960s Shuttles launched from Cape Canaveral, FL Mission control in Houston, TX

Kennedy’s Space Goal = Man on the Moon Goal set early in his presidency (1961)

U.S. Lands on the Moon Neil Armstrong was 1st man to walk on the moon The Goal was set to do it by the end of the decade Apollo 11 succeeded on July 20th, 1969 (JFK is dead by then) Neil Armstrong was 1st man to walk on the moon 500 million people watched on TV Largest audience ever at that time

Results of Space Program Extreme National pride Interest in research and development in all fields Colleges expand offerings Businesses figure out new ways of doing things Better Understanding of the Universe Better than 1,300 documented NASA technologies have benefited U.S. industry, improved our quality of life and created jobs for Americans. The Space Shuttle Program alone has generated better than 100 technology spinoffs that are incorporated into the tools you use, the foods you eat, and the biotechnology and medicines you use to improve your health. Some of the contributions are shown to the left

JFK Assassination (Nov 22, 1963) occurs in Dallas, TX shot twice by Lee Harvey Oswald former Marine Had lived in Russia Openly supported Castro Was there a bigger conspiracy? Film of the event leaves ?’s Most famous = Zapruder

Lyndon Johnson (LBJ) Becomes President Sworn in on plane back to White House Happens less than 2 hrs after JFK Killed

Oswald Killed Gets shot 2 days later Being transferred to a more secure prison Jack Ruby is killer Said he liked JFK… did it for the U.S. Oswald’s death fuels more rumors that he didn’t act alone

JFK Remembered Country mourns People remember where they were when they heard of JFK’s death Funeral Broadcast live

Warren Commission Report Govt. investigates assassination Warren Commission Led by head of Sup. Court (Earl Warren) Concludes Oswald did it by himself A lot of people don’t buy it… other theories include More than one person shooting Cuba sponsored Oswald Soviets sponsored Oswald Parts of our own Govt. sponsored Oswald Many didn’t like JFK due to Being Catholic His pushing for Civil Rights No other theory ever proven