Please obtain the green packet and get out your Carbon Cycle map Carbon on the Move Day 3 Please obtain the green packet and get out your Carbon Cycle map

Warm Up Mar 27 & 28 What is chemical weathering and how does this relate to the movement of carbon? What is percolation and how does this relate to the movement of carbon?

Warm Up Review What is chemical weathering and how does this relate to the movement of carbon? Chemical Weathering is the breakdown of rock through acid rain. If the rock is made up of CaCO₃ (calcium carbonate) it can break apart into Ca⁺ and CO₃ and make its way into streams and eventually lakes and/or oceans. What is percolation and how does this relate to the movement of carbon? Percolation is the filtering of water through the layers of the lithosphere. Carbon from decaying organisms mixes with water to percolate into the soil. There bacteria, small organisms can take up the release carbon in liquid form, or some goes back into the atmosphere as gas.

Quiz over molecules: 3/29 Blue and 3/30 Gold You will need to know all the molecules you have written on the back of your map…both the names and the chemical formulas.

Station 2: Review Make sure to use complete sentences in your journal when answering the questions. What does “percolate” mean? Passing through a filter. What is the chemical formula for Carbon at the start? C₆H₁₂O₆ (s) What Carbon is this supposed to represent in the real world? Decayed matter What is the chemical formula for Carbon at the end? C₆H₁₂O₆ (aq) What Carbon is this supposed to represent in the real world? Soil nutrients What made Carbon change forms? No change in form Where could this simulation happen in the real world? Any soil on land. Write the balanced chemical equation for this station below: C₆H₁₂O₆ (s) + H₂O C₆H₁₂O₆ (aq) + H₂O Compared with processes in nature, this experiment represents movement of Carbon from solid to liquid.

Station 3 Review What is the chemical formula for Carbon at the start? CaCO₃ (s) What Carbon is this supposed to represent in the real world? Limestone What is the chemical formula for Carbon at the end? CO₂ + CH₃COO⁻ What Carbon is this supposed to represent in the real world? Dissovled ions Where could this simulation happen in the real world? Acid rain on limestone rocks Write the balanced chemical equation for this station below: CaCO₃ (s) + 2 CH₃COOH (l) Ca²⁺ + 2 CH₃COO¹⁻ + H₂O + CO₂ (Dissolved ions) Compared with processed in nature, this experiment represents movement of carbon from LAND to RIVER/LAKES/OCEAN. If CO₂ dissovles in rainwater, it can create acidic rain. What acid could be formed? Carbonic Acid H₂CO₃

Map Quality Check- back side Key Molecules Key Processes Other Key Information Carbon Dioxide Dissolving Law of Conservation of Mass Oxygen Exsolving Graph of temp. vs gas solubility Water Percolation Phases Carbonic Acid Chemical Weathering Hydrogen Ion Acid Rain Bicarbonate Ion Ocean acidification Carbonate Ion Solubilty Glucose Calcium Carbonate/Limestone Molecules must have a name, chemical formula, and state of matter (s, g, l, aq)! Key processes must have a definition! Key ideas must have a definition and/or explanation!

Map Quality Check- front side Do you show…. Exsolving and dissolving of CO2? (warm water vs. cold water) Formation of carbonic acid and it splitting into ions? Limestone in two different places? (Hint: Where is calcium carbonate found?) The ions needed for sea creatures to build their shells and where they come from? The carbonic acid ions stealing these ions? Solid glucose dissolving and percolating into soil?

Station 3- Why Care? We looked at how acid (vinegar) weathers compounds in rocks like CaCO3 We don’t have vinegar falling from the sky, but we do have…..ACID RAIN!

Acid Rain Acid Range 1-7 Base Range 7-14 Is a strong acid closer to 7 or closer to 1? Each step on the scale is 10 fold increase in strength of acid or base

Acid Rain/Deposition Rain is naturally slightly acidic because of the reaction of CO2 and H2O: H2O + CO2  H2CO3 This is NOT acid rain! Man-made sources make rain more acidic by the reaction of SO2 and NO2 with water   H20 + NO2 HNO3 H20 + SO2 H2SO4 Yikes! Nitric acid and sulfuric acid are two of the strongest acids on earth!!!!

Where do the pollutants come from? SO2 (g) is released by burning of coal NO2 (g) is released by the burning of gas (cars, factories) ALL states have pollution problems States with CaCO3 (limestone) in soil aren’t as affected because it reacts with the acid and neutralizes it! CaCO3 + Acid CO2 + H2O + ok ions

Why Care? Effects: 1) Premature tree & plant death 2) Fish die offs & decrease in amount of aquatic plants 3) Damage to buildings 4) Tall stacks on power plants spread pollution over wider area

Station 4 Safety: watch out for flames and wear goggles! What happens to limestone as it moves deeper into earth’s crust and gets heated up? We will use baking soda instead of limestone, but the process is the same Safety: watch out for flames and wear goggles!

Station 5 Safety: wear goggles! How does CaCO3 regenerate itself? Why is it in the crust to begin with? We are making “sea water” first by making a solution of ions Safety: wear goggles!

Station 4 Add the process of limestone being heated deep in earth’s crust, and becoming Na₂CO3, water, and CO2, on your poster. You do not need to add Na2CO3 to your key molecules Station 5 Add to your Carbon map, front and back: Calcium ions (Ca2+), Chlorine ions (Cl-), and Sodium ions (Na+) Make sure you already have H+ ions, and CO32- ions (in ocean) The calcium and carbonate ions should come together to make CaCO3 All of these are floating in the ocean!

Due Next Time… Complete the Station 1-3 Review worksheet.