Introduction to Chemistry CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Chemistry

Chem-LOG… What is Chemistry?

What is Chemistry? The study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes Five branches of chemistry (not exclusive of one another) Chemistry has application to everyday life. How many of you are wearing clothes that have been dyed? Washed? Dry cleaned? How many have you have ever taken medicine for an illness or seasonal allergies? Anyone travel in a car that runs on gasoline? How about wearing shoes? Anyone Cook? Use a cell phone? Listen to music?

1. Organic Chemistry Study of substances containing carbon For example, petroleum based products, fuels, etc

2. Inorganic Chemistry Study of substances that do not contain carbon For example, rocks, precious metals, mining

3. Analytical Chemistry Study of the composition of substances For example, finding small quantities of medication in blood For example, finding minute quantities of a medication in blood

4. Physical Chemistry Study of the behavior of chemicals For example, the stretching of nylon, bathing suits, chewing gum For example, finding minute quantities of a medication in blood

5. Biochemistry Study of the chemistry of living things For example, the process of digestion and respiration For example, finding minute quantities of a medication in blood

Your Turn… Open your textbook to page 5 Which branches of chemistry are involved in each of the photographs?

CHEMISTRY is ALL AROUND You… You just need to learn how to look for it!!!

Pre-class List the 5 branches of chemistry

Applications of Chemistry: Materials Energy Medicine and biotechnology Agriculture Environment Astronomy Materials – 3000 years ago, iron ores were first made ( iron and carbon heated together); 500 years ago steel, brass, bronze and ceramics were made. Today is the age of plastics. Count how many times you have encountered plastic today. Energy – greater standards of living means a greater demand for energy to power homes. Today we rely heavily on petroleum products which were formed millions of years ago from decaying organic matter. What will happen when all the crude oil is used up? Hybrid cars may hold the answer. What about solar power, wind power, nuclear power? Medicine and Biotechnology – vitamins, medicines, cavities, human genome project Agriculture – making hardier and more productive plants Environment – clean air, smog pollution Astronomy and Space Exploration – Is there life on other planets?

The Scientific Method Observation (use your senses) Hypothesis (proposed explanation for observation) Experiment (test the hypothesis) Conclusion (what did you find?) Reject or support hypothesis? May need to revise hypothesis and re-experiment Communicate O.H.E.C. Not AGAIN!!!

Scientific Method Worksheet Inference vs. observation Qualitative vs. quantitative Control vs variable

Laws and Theories Theory = an idea that is widely supported by scientific experimentation Can never be proven because it can always be challenged Gives one the power to predict the behavior of natural systems Law = concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments

Chapter 1 EOC Questions Page 25-27 ##16, 18, 22, 25, 29, 41 Mystery Cubes