Computer Systems NOTES:

Where do you start? - Software Operating Systems Word-processing Spreadsheeting Internet Games Databases Graphics Programming NOTES:

Software Software - set of electronic instructions that tell a computer what to do. Operating system software: Coordinates the functions of all the computer input and output devices, controls the processing and transfer of data in the computer. I.e. Windows 8, Windows 10, XP, Mac O/S, Linux

Applications software. Application software is designed to allow users to perform a specific task such as calculate numbers, enter text, or design music. MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Adobe Photoshop, Google Earth, Games, Internet browsers, Video software

Computer Formats Chrome books Laptops Desktops

Basic Hardware Componets Microprocessor - CPU/clock Ram/Rom Memory Hard Drive DVD-R/RW/Blue ray Monitor Fax-Modem Mouse Keyboard Printer NOTES:

Computer Hardware Functions Input Devices Memory RAM ROM Central Processing Unit Secondary Storage Devices Output Devices

MICROPROCESSOR/CLOCK The micro chip Controls input, output, storage, processing Most Chips are either “Intel” or “AMD” design Clock speeds measured in Giga Hertz (Ghz). Ranges from 1.5 to 4Ghz. Graphics and communication require greater speeds. Cache memory - stores recently used data or instructions NOTES:

RAM MEMORY ALL Programs are loaded into RAM to function on a computer. Measured in Gigabytes GB. Basic is 4GB to 16GB Programs will run slowly or not run at all if you do not have enough memory. NOTES:

ROM Memory Permanent storage of system software. Designed by the manufacturer. ROM memory cannot be modified or erased by the user.

HARD DRIVE - Storage Device Main Storage device in the computer. Measured in Giga bytes - GB. Fastest accessing time of any drive. Basic ranges from 750GB to 3TB. NOTES:

Optical Drives -DVD/Blueray Stores programs/files, play videos. Writeable drives available DVDs - 700 MB to 4.7 GB. Speed range is ?x to dual layer Superdrives. Blueray - 4.7GB to 25GB NOTES:

MONITORS - Output Device Standard type is 15” to 17” Flat Panel Video Cards come with Ram memory from 1GB to 3GB. ie. Radeon and GeForce NOTES:

FAX-MODEM Output Devices Use for communication on any telephone line, cable or wireless. Ranges from dial up to high speed. Ethernet cable connection Speed is affected by line used and traffic on the line NOTES:

Voice/Video Communication Voice input and output available. Transfers in Bits Per Second (BPS). Higher transfer better quality. Wireless/Bluetooth options NOTES:

Computer Ports USB Ports - allows connection to various input, output and storage devices (number of ports vary) HDMI ports – higher quality connection to monitors, stereo, other devices (Usually one) Card Reader port – used for various memory cards (SD cards) from cameras NOTES:

Desk jets (All in one) Printers - Output Black & white or colour. Copies, Scans, prints, faxes Resolution 1500 Dpi and up (Dots per Inch) Ranges from 10ppm and up (pages per minute) Excellent letter quality but graphics are not as sharp as a laser Dedicated RAM memory NOTES:

Laser (All in one) Printers Electronically transfers images onto the paper. Resolution is 2000 Dpi and up. Prints 10 to 30 pages per minute. Come with dedicated RAM memory. NOTES:

Computer Hardware Accessories MOUSE: Input Device Used to click on words and graphics on the monitor. Can have two to three buttons and rollers. Wired with light sensor or wireless. NOTES:

Computer Hardware Accessories Keyboard: Input Device 12 function keys, F1 to F12 which can perform up to 4 functions each per program Special Keys - Ctrl, Alt, Shift, NOTES:

Computer Hardware Accessories Power bar / Surge Protector To power and protect your system from power surges. External Speakers with subwoofers External Hard drives- up to 3TB in storage NOTES:

Viruses / Malware Are programs made to destroy or interfere with the functions of your computer. You can get a virus through USB sticks, internet, or e-mail Use anti-virus program; NORTON, McCAFEE

NETWORKS LAN -Local area networks Attached through network cards and cables to access information locally or worldwide

Types of Networks Star Network Centralized hub (typical systems) Each machine runs independently from the other, but hubs connect. Ring Network All machines arranged in a ring Built in redundancy with dual-ring Fibre optics and token ring Bus Network All machines on the same line Difficult to repair but inexpensive to construct

Anatomy of a Web Site Address

File Management Organizing files in a logical manner using folders and file names My Computer Personal Directory BTT Folder Math Folder English Folder Computer Unit Folder Network Unit Folder Files