Introduction to robotics Unite 1

Lesson 1

Learning outcomes Explain the main components of an electrical circuit. Define an embedded system. Define a microcontroller and locate it in Edison. List the six simple machines.

New keywords

Electrical circuit a group of electrical components connected by conductors.

Electric current The flow of electrons through a conductive material, such as a metal wire الأسلاك المعدنية))

Voltage source A two-terminal device which can maintain a certain voltage; for example, a battery

Battery An electrical power source

Embedded system An embedded system is a computer system with a specific function, inside a larger mechanical or electrical system.

Microcontroller A microcontroller fits on a single chip and contains everything required to control an external system

Robot A machine programmed by a computer to carry out actions

Input The place where power or information enters

Output The place where power or information leaves

Sensor A device that detects objects, heat, light, sound or motion

Actuator The part of the robot that performs a physical action

Introduction Vedieo

What is a Robot ?

What is robot? Page 17

Answer the question.

Robots can sense things and respond to their senses Robots can sense things and respond to their senses. This means a robot can be programmed to think on its own. In a robot, the sensors are the inputs. For example, a robot can sense light and sound, the way your eyes and ears do. Robotics would not be possible without electronics. The most important electronic part of the robot is the brain. It allows the robot to interact with things around it. It is where all the thinking happens.

A robot has three main parts: 1. Sensors (Input) Page 19-20

2. Control system (brain) A control system is a device that manages or controls the behavior of other systems. These act as the brain in any robotic system. They come in various shapes, types and sizes.

3. Actuator/Output: An actuator is the part of the robot that performs a physical action. Here are some examples of different types of effectors:

Edison robot Edison is your new robot friend who will teach you about robotics in a fun way. He is equipped with all the parts needed to introduce you to the amazing world of robotics.

You will use a set of commands or instructions to teach Edison You will use a set of commands or instructions to teach Edison. You must teach Edison to understand its input and control its output. The set of commands or instructions is called a program.

The sensors are the inputs The sensors are the inputs. For example, your Edison robot can sense light and sound the way your eyes and ears do. Look at the pictures of Edison. Microcontrollers The microcontroller is the main control unit of any automatic system or device. These systems and devices have an input unit for collecting signals or sensing the signals from an environment, a control unit for processing the received signals, and an output unit for sending out signals or controlling an output device.

Programming software Robots can be programmed using either a visual programming or a text-based interface. In visual programming, you can use elements graphically to create programs. You can also drag and drop program elements, click, use menus, forms, dialogue boxes and so on. This type of programming helps new users to understand programming easily. In text-based programming, you must understand the language syntax and rules. You can cut, copy, and paste your code which gives you more flexibility compared to dragging and dropping one block at a time.

H.M Page 28-29

H.M Page 28

The main parts of a robot

1. Sensors (Input). 2. Control system (brain). 3. Actuator/Output. A robot has three parts: 1. Sensors (Input). 2. Control system (brain). 3. Actuator/Output.

The main parts of a robot Sensors (Input): tell the robot about its surroundings. 2. Control system (brain): A control system is a device that manages or controls the behavior of other systems. These act as the brain in any robotic system. They come in various shapes, types and sizes. 3. Actuator/Output: An actuator is the part of the robot that performs a physical action.