S exually T ransmitted I nfections!!! Mr. Fischer Freshman Health

Types of STIs Bacterial Viral Genital Warts Gonorrhea Chlamydia Syphilis Vaginosis Trichomoniasis Viral Genital Warts Human PapilomaVirus Herpes Hepatitis B HIV/ AIDS

Gonorrhea- Ewww!

Fun Facts Highly contagious Lives in warm, moist areas like the lining of the urethra or cervix Likes Ages 15-24 (how old are you?) Also called “The drip” Hangs out with Chlamydia

Methods of Transmission Intimate sexual contact Oral sex Childbirth if bacteria enter the baby’s eyes See first slide

Symptoms- Males Usually have a yellow discharge from the penis Burning sensation during urination Blood in urine Swelling of glands in groin Irritation/redness on tip of penis May experience pain and increased urination within 2-10 days after infection 50% asymptomatic (may not have symptoms)

Symptoms- Females 60% asymptomatic (cervix hard to detect) If symptoms appear, burning sensation when urinating Discharge from the vagina that usually appear between 2-10 days after sexual contact with infected partner Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): pain, high fever

Treatment and Complications Antibiotics: penicillin or tetracycline Complications Bacteria can spread to the bloodstream and infect the joints, heart valves, and the brain Can cause permanent sterility In newborns can lead to blindness (silver nitrate) Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): a serious infection of the internal female reproductive system (sterility, ectopic pregnancy, abdominal pain)

Chlamydia- Check this out!!

Chlamydia- Fun Facts!! Most common STI in teens 15-19 Wait a second… how old are high school kids?!? Infection that affects urethra or vagina Hangs out with gonorrhea They’re great pals!!!

Methods of Transmission Intimate sexual contact Oral sex Childbirth if bacteria enter the baby’s eyes

Symptoms Male Females 50% asymptomatic Painful urination, discharge from the penis, inflammation of the urethra, pain or swelling in the scrotum Symptoms appear 1-3 weeks after exposure Females 60% asymptomatic May not know until complications develop Inflammation of the vagina and cervix, burning sensation during urination, discharge from the vagina

Treatment and Complications Antibiotics Complications PID- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: serious infection of the internal female reproductive organs (no symptoms) Scarring of the Fallopian Tubes (block the tubes & cause sterility) Ectopic Pregnancy (tubal): occurs when a fertilized egg implants in a Fallopian tube instead of in the uterus Death of fetus and can be fatal for the pregnant female Left untreated, sterility in males Pneumonia or blindness in babies

Syphilis- Spirochete -> Stage 1 \/ Stage 2 ->

Methods of Transmission Intimate sexual contact Oral sex Not just kissing!!! Pregnant female to her fetus Really??? Come on MOM!!

Symptoms 1st Stage (primary) Chancre: painless, open sore that appears on the genitals or the mouth (see first pictures) May not be noticed Chancre will disappear within a few weeks whether or not a person is treated (disease progresses to secondary syphilis)

Symptoms 2nd Stage Skin rash 3-6 weeks after the chancre appears (looks like allergy) Rash may cover the whole body or only a few areas; hands or soles of feet Very contagious Rash heals within several weeks or months Other symptoms: fever, tiredness, headache, sore throat, swollen lymph glands, weight loss Symptoms will disappear without treatment and may come and go during the next 1 or 2 years

Treatment/ Complications Antibiotics (penicillin) Treatment in the later stages can’t reverse the damage done to body organs in early stages Complications Latent syphilis (3rd stage): if secondary syphilis is not treated it may become No symptoms but bacteria still present; may damage tissues and organs Can last for years or decades

Treatment/ Complications Tertiary Syphilis (4th Stage): final stage in which bacteria damage body organs Heart, eyes, brain, nervous system, bones, joints are damaged Mental illness, blindness, paralysis, heart disease, liver damage, and death may occur Damage to body organs can’t be reversed 2 out of 3 babies born to a mother with syphilis are born with syphilis

Vaginosis/ Trichomoniasis Bad bacteria Caused by dirty hands Discharge Odor Trichomoniasis *Caused by protozoa Males asymptomatic Caused by sex Females: foul fishy odor and yellow- green frothy fluid

Genital Warts

Fun Facts about HPV Caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV); over 100 types The vaccine only protects against the 2 types of HPV (HPV-16 and HPV-18) most likely to cause cancer 50-75% of sexually active people not a problem FACT- At least 50% of sexually active people will get Genital HPV and most won’t know they have it. Forms tumors or warts Most common with general population

Methods of Transmission and Symptoms Intimate sexual contact Skin to skin contact Direct contact with infected bed linens, towels, and clothing Through birth (again?!?!?!?!?!) Symptoms Genital warts appear 3-8 months after infection Soft, red, or pink & resemble a cauliflower May develop in the mouth

Methods of Transmission and Symptoms Males Usually appear on the tip of the penis Also on the shaft of the penis, scrotum, or in the anus Females May appear on the labia, inside the vagina, cervix or around the anus

Treatment and Complications People will always have the virus Skin medication, laser surgery, or liquid nitrogen (freeze them off) Warts may appear after removal Complications Embarrassing Increases the risk of cervix, anus, and penis cancers Babies may have warts in their throats (need laser surgery)

Herpes- “That stuff comes back with you!!”

Herpes- Fun Facts Caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) that produces cold sores or fever blisters in the genital area and mouth Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1): a virus that causes cold sores or fever blisters in the mouth or on the lips; may also cause genital sores Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2): a virus that causes genital sores but also may cause sores in the mouth Both viruses remain in the body for life

Methods of Transmission Spread by intimate sexual contact with an infected person Infected people are highly contagious when blisters break and form red, painful open sores Through touch: If infected person touches lesions in the mouth and place their fingers there and then touch the genitals or eyes, the virus is spread

Symptoms Occur within a week after contact with an infected person Early symptoms: itching or burning sensation; pain in the legs, buttocks, or genital area; vaginal discharge; or a feeling of pressure in the abdominal area Clusters of small, painful blisters that may develop into open sores appear in the genital area

Symptoms Other symptoms that accompany the outbreak of the blisters can be fever, headache, muscle aches, painful or difficult urination, vaginal discharge, and swollen glands in the groin area Symptoms may last from 2-4 weeks and then disappear Symptoms may reappear during times of stress or illness

Treatment and Complications Acyclovir or Valtrex They relieve symptoms and prevent some recurrences Sores need to be kept clean and dry Hands need to be washed after contact with the sores Complications Sores are painful and disrupt people’s lives (long-lasting & severe) People fear recurrences and spreading infection to others Increase the risk of HIV infection Infected pregnant female can infect her baby (MOM?!?!)

Hepatitis-B Liver disease Flu-like symptoms Vaccine Sex, Needles, Childbirth

HIV and AIDS *Attacks the immune system 5,000,000,000 T-Cells (white blood cells) Less than 200 T cells = AIDS 4 Ways to Contract HIV and AIDS Sex, blood, needles, breast feeding, mother to child (amniotic fluid) Not from spit Kaposi Sarcoma (skin cancer) http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detail page&v=68I7JlVhuhY

Nuisances Pubic Lice- AKA Crabs Infestation of the pubic hair by pubic or crab lice that survive by feeding on human blood *Lice are insects that pierce the skin and secrete a substance that causes itching and swelling *Transmitted through infected sheets, clothing, towels, toilet seat *Transmitted through intimate sexual contact * Lice can live outside of the body for as long as one day * May be visible (black spots with hair)

Nuisances Yeast Infections *No sexual contact *Caused by fungus Candida *Warm, dark, moist areas *White cottage cheese discharge *Burning, soreness

What have we learned??? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpCvnBrjAhQ Anything to add????