Volume 382, Issue 9897, Pages (September 2013)

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Volume 382, Issue 9897, Pages 1039-1048 (September 2013) Global association of air pollution and heart failure: a systematic review and meta- analysis  Anoop SV Shah, MBChB, Jeremy P Langrish, MBChB, Harish Nair, PhD, David A McAllister, MD, Amanda L Hunter, MBChB, Prof Ken Donaldson, DSc, Prof David E Newby, BM, Dr Nicholas L Mills, MBChB  The Lancet  Volume 382, Issue 9897, Pages 1039-1048 (September 2013) DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60898-3 Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Association between (A) gaseous and (B) particulate air pollutants and heart failure hospitalisation or heart failure mortality ppm=parts per million. ppb=parts per billion. The Lancet 2013 382, 1039-1048DOI: (10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60898-3) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Additional analysis across all gaseous and particulate air pollutants *Kwon et al67 provided separate estimates for all age groups and for people older than 75 years. This study therefore appears twice in the additional analysis when stratified by age. For the overall analysis, we have used the estimates provided for all age groups. †Kwon and Peel et al27,28,67 provided separate estimates stratified by study design and therefore appear twice in the additional analysis. For the overall analysis, we have used the estimates provided for the time-series study design. ppm=parts per million. ppb=parts per billion. The Lancet 2013 382, 1039-1048DOI: (10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60898-3) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Median daily PM2·5 concentrations and estimated impact of a reduction in PM2·5 to a target concentration on heart failure hospitalisation per US state Heart failure hospitalisation rates were not available for 15 states (appendix); data not shown for Mississippi (median daily PM2·5 13·4 μg/m3; annual reduction in heart failure hospitalisations 15 per 100 000). US state abbreviations are defined in the appendix. The Lancet 2013 382, 1039-1048DOI: (10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60898-3) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

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