Learning Outcome 3 - Benefits of a healthy lifestyle - Physical activity - Healthy eating - Risks of lifestyle choice in substance misuse - Work, health & wellbeing © RSPH 2008

Benefits of a Healthy Lifestyle © RSPH 2008

Weight Risks Being overweight increases the risks of heart disease, high blood pressure and diabetes Being overweight is associated with cancer of the uterus, post menopausal breast cancer, bowel & kidney cancers Inactivity combined with a high calorie diet increases the risk of obesity © RSPH 2008 3

Physical Inactivity Risks: Doubles risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes and osteoporosis Associated with cancer of the breast & uterus in postmenopausal women and cancer of the colon © RSPH 2008 4

Physical Activity Get active Take regular moderate exercise for 30 minutes, 5 days a week = 2 or 3 bouts of 10-15 minutes daily Moderate means enough to make you breathe faster yet able to talk comfortably © RSPH 2008 5

Poor diet Associated with increased risk of Cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes and obesity One third of all cancers and heart disease are linked to poor diet Most adults and children do not eat a healthy diet © RSPH 2008 6

Healthy eating Adult recommendations Eat 5 portions or more of fruit & vegetables every day Include foods that are high in fibre Reduce foods high in fat, salt and sugar Eat less red meat and processed food Drink plenty of tap water © RSPH 2008 7

One portion = One orange or apple Two Kiwi fruits or two tangerines A cupful of grapes or strawberries Two florets of broccoli or three heaped tablespoons of peas or two tablespoons of carrots A cereal bowl of mixed salad A medium glass of fruit juice(one) www.dh.gov.uk/fiveaday © RSPH 2008 8

Substance misuse Alcohol Smoking Alcohol All have harmful effects on major organs of the body and their functions as well as increasing the risk of accidents © RSPH 2008

Smoking Causes Heart disease, chronic lung disease & lung cancer It increases cancer of: cervix, lips, mouth, tongue, throat, larynx, oesophagus, stomach & other cancers Passive smoking causes disease & death in non smokers Smoking & alcohol combined increases cancer risk Smoking © RSPH 2008 10

Smoking There is no safe level of use Don’t start smoking Quit as soon as possible; it’s never too late Avoid smoky environments www.nhs.uk/gosmokefree © RSPH 2008 11

Alcohol Associated with Cancer of the mouth, throat, oesophagus, breast, liver and bowel Insomnia, low energy levels, depression, impotence, raised blood pressure Increased risk of injury and attacks. Deaths from accidents Liver cirrhosis and brain damage © RSPH 2008 12

Alcohol Drink in moderation Follow guidelines for sensible drinking: - Men: 3-4 units per day or 1.5 pints beer at 4% Women: 2-3 units per day or 1 glass of wine (175mls) Drink plenty of tap water Have two alcohol free days per week © RSPH 2008 13

Substance misuse (cont.) Inhalants Ecstasy Cocaine Marijuana Methamphetamine All have harmful effects on major organs of the body and their functions as well as predisposing an individual to accidents © RSPH 2008

Substance misuse may cause Brain damage, addiction, anxiety, paranoia and depression Visual problems Nasal damage and deformity Respiratory failure, lung cancer and disease Heart attack or irregular heart beat Liver damage © RSPH 2008

Substance misuse may cause Changes in appetite Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain Muscle weakness, tension or cramp Genito-urinary problems Impotence, low sperm count, irregular menstrual cycles and birth defects © RSPH 2008

Work, Health and Wellbeing Good health is good business: health and wellbeing programmes produce economic benefits across all sectors and sizes of business Major causes of sickness absence and worklessness due to ill-health: Mental Health Physical /Musculoskeletal health ‘Working for a healthier tomorrow’ Review of Britain’s working age population 2008 © RSPH 2008

Work in health and wellbeing Benefits include: Mental health-promoting mental fitness, personal esteem, dignity and respect Physical health - promoting physical health through return to work © RSPH 2008

Mental Health © RSPH 2008

Health and Safety & road safety 4% of cancers caused by exposure to a cancer-causing substance at work, 50% of these by asbestos. Cancer can take 30-40 years to develop. Exposure to two or more chemicals together increase cancer risk e.g. smoking with alcohol UV radiation; those working outdoors are at greater risk of skin cancer Driving - 3,500 road deaths per year in Britain © RSPH 2008 20

Health and Safety & road safety Follow health and safety instructions Take care when handling dangerous substances Wear protective clothing Think road safety – slow down, don’t drink and drive, wear a seat belt, make time for a break © RSPH 2008 21

Be aware Body, sexual and mental Know what is normal for you – recognise persistent problems and seek help and advice See your doctor about persistent moles, sores, lumps, coughs, constipation, hoarseness, blood in stools or urine Discovered early, most STIs are easy to treat, and the sooner the better. © RSPH 2008 22

Sexual Health condoms and water based lubricant Condoms help to reduce Use in-date, kite marked condoms and water based lubricant Condoms help to reduce the risk and spread of STIs as well as help prevent unwanted pregnancy When used correctly condoms can be 100% effective © RSPH 2008 23

Early symptoms Not recognising early symptoms delays prompt treatment & advice for physical, sexual and mental health problems. Many conditions can be cured or controlled if caught early Early recognition of sexually transmitted infection can prevent infertility and pelvic infection Recognising stress can lead to timely help and advice © RSPH 2008 24

Screening - Why it is important Breast cancer accounts for 30% of all new forms of cancer, more than 39,500 new cases diagnosed per year Unprotected sex & many sexual partners increases the risk of contracting human papilloma virus (HPV), increasing the risk of cervical cancer © RSPH 2008 25

Screening Women attend when invited Breast screening by mammography every 3 years for women 50-70 Cervical screening (every 3-5 years for 25-64 year olds) If worried about symptoms see your GP - do not wait for your next screening invitation © RSPH 2008 26

IT Resources www.nhs.uk/lifecheck www.dh.gov.uk www.dh.gov.uk/fiveaday www.Healthspace.nhs.uk © RSPH 2008