Sources: Jefferson Lab: https://www.jlab.org/ Elements of the Day Sources: Jefferson Lab: https://www.jlab.org/

Create a table in your notebook. Length of a page… Element Atomic Number Atomic Mass Subatomic Particles (P, N, E) Phase at Room Temp Group & Period Classification (Type) Group Name Interesting Facts

The most abundant chemical substance in the universe The most abundant chemical substance in the universe. It is estimated that 90% of the visible universe is composed of hydrogen Atomic Number: 1 Atomic Weight: 1.00794 Phase at Room Temperature: Gas Element Classification: Non-metal Period Number: 1     Group Number: 1     Group Name: none From the Greek words hydro and genes, which together mean "water forming.“ The sun's supply of hydrogen is expected to last another 5 billion years. Hydrogen was first recognized as a distinct element by Henry Cavendish in 1766. +

Helium, the second most abundant element in the universe, was discovered on the sun before it was found on the earth. Atomic Number: 2 Atomic Weight: 4.002602 Phase at Room Temperature: Gas Element Classification: Non-metal Period Number: 1     Group Number: 18     Group Name: Noble Gas Helium makes up about 0.0005% of the earth's atmosphere. This trace amount of helium is not gravitationally bound to the earth and is constantly lost to space. In 1895, Sir William Ramsay, a Scottish chemist, conducted an experiment exposing a mineral containing uranium, called clevite, to acid and gathered the gas, being identified as helium.

Lithium is not found free in nature and makes up only 0 Lithium is not found free in nature and makes up only 0.0007% of the earth's crust. Atomic Number: 3 Atomic Weight: 6.941 Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Metal Period Number: 2     Group Number: 1     Group Name: Alkali Metal From the Greek word for stone, lithos. Lithium was discovered in the mineral petalite by Johann August Arfvedson in 1817. Today, larger amounts of the metal are obtained through the electrolysis of lithium chloride (LiCl)

Unfortunately for the chemists that discovered this particular property, beryllium and many of its compounds are poisonous and should never be tasted or ingested. Atomic Number: 4 Atomic Weight: 9.012182 Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Metal Period Number: 2     Group Number: 2     Group Name: Alkaline Earth Metal Attempts to isolate the new element finally succeeded in 1828 when two chemists, Friedrich Wölhler of Germany and A. Bussy of France, independently produced beryllium by reducing beryllium chloride (BeCl2) with potassium in a platinum crucible.

Although sodium is the sixth most abundant element on earth and comprises about 2.6% of the earth's crust, it is a very reactive element and is never found free in nature. Atomic Number: 11 Atomic Weight: 22.9898 Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Metal Period Number: 3 Group Number: 1 Group Name: Alkali Metal

Magnesium burns with a brilliant white light and is used in pyrotechnics, flares and photographic flashbulbs.  It is the eighth most abundant element in the universe and the seventh most abundant element in the earth's crust, magnesium is never found free in nature. Atomic Number: 12 Atomic Weight: 24.3050 Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Metal Period Number: 3 Group Number: 2 Group Name: Alkaline Earth Metals

Atomic Number: 13 Atomic Weight: 26.9815386 Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Metal Period Number: 3 Group Number: 13 Group Name: none Although aluminum is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust, it is never found free in nature. About 8.2% of the earth's crust is composed of aluminum.

Atomic Number: 14 Atomic Weight: 28.0855 Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Metalloid Period Number: 3 Group Number: 14 Group Name: none Single crystals of crystalline silicon can be grown with a process known as the Czochralski process. 

Phosphorus was first isolated in 1669 by Hennig Brand, a German physician and alchemist, by boiling, filtering and otherwise processing as many as 60 buckets of urine. Atomic Number: 15 Atomic Weight: 30.973762 Phase at Room Temp: Solid Element Classification: Non-metal Period Number: 3 Group Number: 15 Group Name: None

Nearly 25% of the sulfur produced today is recovered from petroleum refining operations and as a byproduct of extracting other materials from sulfur containing ores.  Atomic Number: 16 Atomic Weight: 32.065 Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Non-metal Period Number: 3 Group Number: 16 Group Name: None

Atomic Number: 17 Atomic Weight: 35.453 Phase at Room Temperature: Gas Element Classification: Non-metal Period Number: 3 Group Number: 17 Group Name: Halogen Chlorine is a very dangerous material. Liquid chlorine burns the skin and gaseous chlorine irritates the mucus membranes. Chlorine is commonly used as an antiseptic and is used to make drinking water safe and to treat swimming pools. 

Atomic Number: 18 Atomic Weight: 39.948 Phase at Room Temperature: Gas Element Classification: Non-metal Period Number: 3 Group Number: 18 Group Name: Noble Gas It is used to fill incandescent and fluorescent light bulbs to prevent oxygen from corroding the hot filament. 

Potassium's chemical symbol comes from the Latin word for alkali, kalium. Atomic Number: 19 Atomic Weight: 39.0983 Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Metal Period Number: 4 Group Number: 1 Group Name: Alkali Metal

Due to its high reactivity with common materials, there is very little demand for metallic calcium. Atomic Number: 20 Atomic Weight: 40.078 Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Metal Period Number: 4 Group Number: 2 Group Name: Alkaline Earth Metal