Québec from 1900 to 1980

Knowledge Review What do you know about Québec’s natural resources, and the companies that developed them around 1900? Do you think the government plays the same role now in the economy, healthcare and education as it did in 1900? Do you know why we use the term Québecois instead of French Canadian? Is the territory of Québec larger or smaller in 1980 than it was in 1900? Is the population of Québec around 1980 concentrated mostly in cities or in the country?

Look Ahead We will be looking at how society in Québec had evolved from 1900 by around 1980.

A Look at the Present (p. 4-5) Throughout the module, we will be learning about what caused the changes that took place in the early 1900s. As soon as possible, you should begin identifying the changes, which will help you better understand the main events later in the 20th century. Note how new technologies have become common and continue to shape Québec society.

Did You Know… (p. 4) The workforce is divided into 3 sectors: primary, secondary and tertiary In 1980, the tertiary sector, which consists of goods and services, became very important Quebec’s economy has the highest proportion dedicated to the tertiary sector in Canada What does this mean? The other two sectors are in decline This reflects the tendencies of an advanced society

Eagle Eye (p. 5) Discuss the photographs on pages 4-5 These photographs highlight the modern nature of Quebec Since the beginning of the century, large companies such as Bombardier have come into existence The crowd in the streets of Montreal is cosmopolitan Many changes have taken place in the country and city The mine looks impressive, but in fact, mining has declined significantly in Quebec The Hydro-Quebec logo represents the province and the lightning bolt represents electricity (the province is in charge of our hydroelectricity)

Quebec from 1900-1980 The migration of people from the country to the city increased dramatically, prompting significant changes We will learn about how this impacted healthcare, education, and lifestyle What is an administrative region? The territorial units which a country (or province) is divided in; there is normally an administration with some government functions and powers connect to it Read and consider the questions listed under the Compass Rose

Compass Rose (p. 6) Ungava Bay About 1000km (1900) and 2000km (1980) Quebec has grown and now covers 1 540 000km2; Labrador is not part of NFLD

Did You Know (p. 7) The population of Quebec and Canada have grown considerably From 1900 to 1980, the population of Quebec quadrupled, growing from 1.5M to 6M – the baby boomer generation helped contribute to this rapid increase The population decreased in the following years thanks to improved birth control and a questioning of the of the role of traditional marriage

Eagle Eye (p. 7) From 1900 to 1980, new technologies changes agricultural practices, decreasing the need for a skilled workforce on farms. This prompted people to migrate to cities in search of work In 1980, most people spoke French in Quebec The percentage of people who speak English has risen, as well as the percentage of people who speak a language other than English and French

Quebec Around 1980 (p. 8-9) In this Adventure, you will learn about Quebec’s natural resources around 1980, how they were developed and the new role played by the Quebec government These elements will allow you to respond to the Situational Problem – keep your projects in mind as you work, what you see throughout the module will help you

Quebec Around 1980 (p. 8-9) The tertiary sector, which comprises trades and services, dominated the economy in Quebec around 1980 Women play an increased role in the workforce and daycares are relied upon to take care of their children The government of Quebec has set up a network of daycares, established CEGEPs, launched free health insurance and is building hydroelectric dams These elements illustrate some of the changes that have taken place since the beginning of the century

Citizenship (p. 8) Does the province always fulfill its role? The Quebec government did not always play such a large role: at the beginning of the century, the government rarely intervened in the economic and social sectors Since 1960, the people of Quebec have insisted that the province play a more active role, and prompted the government to nationalize hydroelectricity, democratize healthcare and education, and establish a public service to manage these measures

Eagle Eye (p. 8) Have you ever attended daycare? Do you know what a health insurance card is? Have you ever used one during a medical visit? Study the images on pages 8-9, then consider the questions

Eagle Eye (p. 8) Yes – they enable parents to join the workforce CEGEPs offer higher education for people in all regions, not just the cities. This ensures that more people have access Yes, there are several hydroelectric dams in Quebec Not all countries have universal health insurance plans. The United States does not have such a plan. Americans with the financial means can acquire private insurance to cover costly medical bills