Putting Atoms Together

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Presentation transcript:

Putting Atoms Together Chemistry

Learning Goals To be able to count the number of atoms in a molecule or compound

All matter (substances) is made of the elements found on the periodic table The way the atoms in a substance are arranged determines the substance’s properties Carbon atoms in graphite are arranged in layers that are loosely held together That is why graphite is soft and brittle This allows some graphite to slide off your pencil when you write

Molecules A molecule is a group of atoms that are chemically joined together Oxygen gas that we breathe is actually made up of two oxygen atoms  O2 If three oxygen atoms are joined together, a different molecule is created  O3, known as ozone In addition to oxygen, some other elements also occur as molecules, so they are referred to as molecular elements Examples: H2, N2, F2, and Cl2

Compounds Most substances we encounter are actually compounds A compound is a pure substance made of two or more different elements chemically joined together Examples: water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), sodium chloride (NaCl), ammonia (NH3), and methane (CH4) There are millions of compounds

Interpreting Formulas A chemical formula tells you important information about a pure substance The symbols in the formula tell you the elements in the substance If there is only on symbol, there is only one element If there is more than one symbol, the substance is a compound The subscript (small number) tells you how many atoms of each element are in each molecule of a substance

sodium chloride (table salt) sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) Chemical Name Chemical Formula Elements Present Atoms of each Element ozone O3 water H2O carbon dioxide CO2 ammonia NH3 Chemical Name Chemical Formula Elements Present Atoms of each Element sodium chloride (table salt) NaCl sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) NaHCO3 Oxygen Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen 3 2 1 Sodium Chlorine Hydrogen Carbon Oxygen 1 3

Success Criteria I CAN count the number of atoms in a molecule or compound

To Do… Worksheet Prepare for Practice Quiz (Monday)