Nucleic Acids DNA and RNA.

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Presentation transcript:

Nucleic Acids DNA and RNA

What are they? Compounds composed of element: C, H, O, N, P There are 2 types of Nucleic Acids: RNA and DNA RNA: Ribo-Nucleic Acid DNA: Deoxyribo-Nucleic Acid

RNA vs. DNA The pentose sugar in RNA is Ribose Then pentose sugar in DNA is Deoxy-ribose

Functions genetic material stores information transfers information genes blueprint for building proteins DNA  RNA  proteins transfers information blueprint for new cells blueprint for next generation

Structure of Nucleotides Nucleic Acids are polymers assembled from individual monomers known as Nucleotides Nucleotides have 3 parts: 1- Monosaccharide with a pentagonal structure ( Made of the elements ____,____ and ____) 2- Nitrogen containing base (Made of C, H and N) 3- A phosphate group ( Made of P and O) 5

Which is which?

Simplified Drawing

Nitrogen Containing Bases There are 5 different Nitrogen containing bases DNA uses bases: A, C, G, T A: Adenine T: Thymine RNA uses bases: A, C, G, U G: Guanine C: Cytosine U: Uracil

Nucleotide chains Nucleotides chained into a polymer double helix phosphate sugar N base Nucleotides chained into a polymer DNA double helix A, C, G, T RNA single-sided A, C, G, U phosphate sugar N base strong bonds phosphate sugar N base phosphate sugar N base RNA