Nucleic acids 2006-2007.

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Presentation transcript:

Nucleic acids 2006-2007

Nucleic Acids Information storage 2006-2007

Nucleic Acids Function: genetic material stores information genes blueprint for building proteins DNA  RNA  proteins transfers information blueprint for new cells blueprint for next generation DNA proteins

A T C G Isn’t this a great illustration!?

Nucleic Acids Examples: Structure: RNA (ribonucleic acid) single helix DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) double helix Structure: monomers = nucleotides DNA RNA

Nucleotides 3 parts nitrogen base (C-N ring) pentose sugar (5C) ribose in RNA deoxyribose in DNA phosphate (PO4) group Nitrogen base I’m the A,T,C,G or U part! Are nucleic acids charged molecules? DNA & RNA are negatively charged: Don’t cross membranes. Contain DNA within nucleus Need help transporting mRNA across nuclear envelope. Also use this property in gel electrophoresis.

Dangling bases? Why is this important? Nucleic polymer Backbone sugar to PO4 bond phosphodiester bond new base added to sugar of previous base polymer grows in one direction N bases hang off the sugar-phosphate backbone Dangling bases? Why is this important?

Pairing of nucleotides Nucleotides bond between DNA strands H bonds purine :: pyrimidine A :: T 2 H bonds G :: C 3 H bonds The 2 strands are complementary. One becomes the template of the other & each can be a template to recreate the whole molecule. Matching bases? Why is this important?

H bonds? Why is this important? DNA molecule Double helix H bonds between bases join the 2 strands A :: T C :: G H bonds = biology’s weak bond • easy to unzip double helix for replication and then re-zip for storage • easy to unzip to “read” gene and then re-zip for storage H bonds? Why is this important?