Macromolecules: You are what you eat
CHNOPS… the main elements that make up your body!!!!
What are Macromolecules? Nutrients provide the raw materials required for growth, repair and energy for living things. Macromolecules are polymers. Monomer: 1 molecule Polymer: Many molecules bound together.
4 Types of Macromolecules Carbohydrates: Sugars + Starches Lipids: Fats and Oils Protein: Muscle Tissue Nucleic Acids: Microscopic Genetic Material
Identify each example according to type of macromolecule. . .
Butter
Chicken Breast
Bread
Fish Filet
Pizza Grease
Corn Syrup
DNA
Amoeba Sisters Stop https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YO244P1e9QM
Carbohydrates
Monomers = mono-saccharide sugar – sugar – sugar – sugar – sugar – sugar
Function of Carbohydrates quick energy energy storage structure starch
Monosaccharides The monomer of carbohydrates is a single sugar with the chemical formula of C6H12O6 All monosaccharides have the same chemical formula, but different shapes. Examples: Glucose Fructose Galactose
Carbohydrates: Disaccharides Disaccharide = Double sugar. They’re made by joining 2 monosaccharides
Carbohydrates: Polysaccharides Polysaccharide = Many sugars This is a long chain of monosaccharides Examples: Starch: Grain Foods Cellulose: Plant fiber
WHAT SYNTHESIZES CARBOHYDRATES?
Long term energy storage Lipids Long term energy storage
Long term energy storage Lip = ? Lipids Long term energy storage
Long term energy storage Lip = Fat Lipids Long term energy storage
MONOMER = GLYCEROL & FATTY ACID Glycerol HEAD Fatty Acid TAIL MONOMER = GLYCEROL & FATTY ACID
Another way to Illustrate Lipids Head Tail 2003-2004
Lipids Examples fats oils waxes hormones (sex) sex hormones testosterone (male) estrogen (female) 2003-2004
Lipids Function: energy storage cell membrane- hydrophobic very concentrated twice the energy as carbohydrates! cell membrane- hydrophobic cushions organs insulates body think whale blubber!
Lipids Function: energy storage cell membrane cushions organs very concentrated twice the energy as carbohydrates! cell membrane cushions organs insulates body think whale blubber!
Saturated vs. Unsaturated Animal (solid) vs. Plant (liquid) ✓
Proteins! 2003-2004
MONOMER = AMINO ACID Amino Proteino Amine
Function of Proteins in your Body Hormones Signals from one body system to another (mood swings; growth; immune; metabolism; fight; flight; puberty; menopause; hunger;) 2003-2004
Examples: Enzymes Speeds up chemical reactions 2003-2004
Muscles 2003-2004
Look Mom – I can denature proteins!!! Denaturing Proteins Look Mom – I can denature proteins!!! Milk protein separates into curds & whey when it is exposed to acids
Nucleic acids: Information molecules 2006-2007
Nucleic acids Monomer = nucleotide N base Nitrogen bases I’m the A,T,C,G or U part! phosphate sugar N base
Nucleic Acids Function: genetic material stores information transfers information DNA proteins
Nucleotide chains Nucleic acids nucleotides chained into a polymer phosphate sugar N base Nucleic acids nucleotides chained into a polymer phosphate sugar N base strong bonds phosphate sugar N base phosphate sugar N base RNA
Nucleic Acids Examples DNA RNA RNA
Answer questions on the back
Macromolecule, monomer w/drawing function, example w/drawing