High-dimensional analysis of lymphoid CD4+ T cells identified distinct TFH cell subsets in HIV+ patients and HCs. High-dimensional analysis of lymphoid.

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High-dimensional analysis of lymphoid CD4+ T cells identified distinct TFH cell subsets in HIV+ patients and HCs. High-dimensional analysis of lymphoid CD4+ T cells identified distinct TFH cell subsets in HIV+ patients and HCs. (A) Representative gates used to identify GC TFH cells for t-SNE analysis. (B) Contour plots were generated using FACS output files from Cytobank (GC TFH cells) or “cytofkit” package in R (CXCR5+CD45RO+CD4+ T cells). Data include cells from 25 HIV+ patients and seven HCs. (C) Phenotypic clusters identified from CXCR5+ memory CD4+ T cells using DensVM. (D) Heatmap shows the average staining signal of indicated markers within each of the clusters identified in (C). Memory and naïve cells are shown at the bottom of the heatmap for comparison. Red-blue scale indicates staining intensity. Green-brown scale represents the relative frequency of HIV+ cells to total numbers of cells in each cluster. (E) Frequency of CD38 expression in CXCR5+ TFH cells or GC TFH cells from HC (n = 7) or HIV+ (n = 25) patients. Data are mean ± SEM. **P < 0.005 and ***P < 0.0005 by two-tailed t test. (F) Frequency of CD57+PD1+ GC subset within CD38− or CD38+CXCR5+ TFH cells from HIV+ patients (n = 25). ***P < 0.0005 by paired two-tailed t test. (G) Relationship between IL-21 expression and CD38 frequency in CXCR5+ TFH cells. (H) Relationship between peripheral CD4+ T cell count and IL-21+ GC TFH cells frequency. For (G) and (H), data are from 25 HIV+ patients; association was determined by Pearson correlation. Ben S. Wendel et al. Sci. Immunol. 2018;3:eaan8884 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works