Chemistry. atoms

Let’s make a booklet.

Agenda 11.28 Bell ringer New booklet construction New notes. Q.A for tickets Bell ringer: Look around the room and describe 3 or 4 things that are not made of metals. 4 sentences.

Wednesday, November 28, 2012 7-5.1 Recognize that matter is composed of extremely small particles, too small to be seen with a classroom microscope, called atoms 7-5.2 Classify matter as element, compound, or mixture on the basis of its composition. 7-5.3 Compare the physical properties of metals and nonmetals.

Chemistry basics 1. Matter is composed of extremely small particles, too small to be seen with a classroom microscope, called atoms. 2. Atoms are the smallest part of an element that has the chemical properties of the element. 3. A single atom has mass and takes up space.

4. Pure substances are elements and compounds. Compounds are pure substances that are composed of two or more types of elements that are chemically combined. Compounds can only be changed into simpler substances called elements by chemical changes 7. One way that two or more atoms can combine is to form a molecule. 5. Elements Elements are pure substances that cannot be changed into simpler substances. Elements are composed of one type of atom.

8. Mixtures Mixtures are composed of two or more different substances that retain their own individual properties and are combined physically (mixed together). Mixtures can be separated by physical means (filtration, sifting, or evaporation). Mixtures may be heterogeneous or homogeneous.

10. In a homogenous mixture, which is uniform throughout, the substances are evenly mixed and cannot be visibly distinguished. The particles of the substances are so small that they cannot be easily seen. 11. Another name for a homogeneous mixture is a solution. 9. In a heterogeneous mixture, which is not uniform throughout, the parts can be visibly distinguished.

Periodic Table 12. There is a zigzag line on the right side of the table of the periodic table . There are two sections of elements on the periodic table, metals and nonmetals.

13. Metals A major classification of elements generally located on the left side of the zigzag line on the periodic table. Examples of metals are: Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), and Aluminum (Al). The majority of elements are metals.

14. Nonmetals A major classification of elements generally located on the right side of the zigzag line on the periodic table. Examples of nonmetals are: Chlorine (Cl), Oxygen (O), Sulfur (S), and Iodine (I).

11.29.12 7-5.3 Compare the physical properties of metals and nonmetals. Bell ringer: Describe three metal objects without naming them. Homework collection Notes

15. Characteristics of metals A. Luster - Having a shiny surface or reflecting light brightly B. Conductors - Heat and electricity move through them easily C. Malleable - Ability to be hammered into different shapes D. Ductile - Ability to be drawn into a wire E. High density - Heavy for their size

Luster - Having a shiny surface or reflecting light brightly Conductors - Heat and electricity move through them easily Malleable - Ability to be hammered into different shapes Ductile - Ability to be drawn into a wire High density – means Heavy for their size

16. Physical properties of nonmetals include: A. Dull - Not shiny B. Nonconductors - Heat and electricity do not move through them easily, (insulator) C. Brittle - Break or shatter easily (solids) Dull— No shine Non conductor-- insulator Brittle— breakable

Chemical Symbols 17. Elements are made up of one kind of atom and has a unique symbol. 18. Symbols are usually a 1 or 2 letters that stand for the name of the substance. The first letter is always capitalized and the second, if there is one, is lower case. Common Chemical Symbols Element Symbol Sodium Na Chlorine Cl Hydrogen H Oxygen O Carbon C Nitrogen N

19. Formulas and names of substances (,,,, and) and the names and symbols for the elements listed in the elements Sodium (Na), Chlorine (Cl), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), and Nitrogen (N). For example, when students see the formula H2O, they should be able to recognize that this is water. Compounds are composed of more than one element and their formulas have more than one type of symbol showing the different elements that compose the compound. Common names formulas table salt simple sugar oxygen gas carbon dioxide nitrogen gas