Writing and Naming Ions Monday, January 8th, 2018

Ion – an atom that has gained or lost electrons, formed when electrons are exchanged in the formation of an ionic compound. There are 2 Types of Ions Monoatomic ion – a single atom that has gained or lost  electrons   Polyatomic ion – a group of bonded atoms that have gained or lost electrons Na+ Cl- O-2 NH4+ OH- CO3-2 In either case the # protons do not = # electrons

....Clarification of symbol numbers! OK Lets not get confused ....Clarification of symbol numbers! Chemical Symbol Nuclear symbol Ion symbol Chemical Formula

Cation – formed when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons Two (2) Types of Monoatomic Ions Cation – formed when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons   Ex) Lithium atom (Li)  becomes the Lithium ion (Li+) when it loses 1 electron Ex) Calcium atom (Ca)  becomes the Calcium ion (Ca+2) when it loses 2 electrons What would Aluminum do?

Anion – formed when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons Two (2) Types of Monoatomic Ions Anion – formed when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons   Ex) Chlorine atom (Cl)  becomes the Chloride ion (Cl-) when it gains 1 electron Ex) Oxygen atom (O)  becomes the Oxide ion (O-2) when it gains 2 electrons What would Nitrogen do? Whoa....gain e- are negative and loss of e- are positive?!?!?!

Happiness is a full outer shell.

Polyatomic ions – act as a group in compounds Ex) Ammonium ion (NH4+) Ex) Sulfate ion (SO4-2)   Transition metal ions (a special case of Cations) – they can form more than one type of ion. (YIKES) Ex)  Iron (II) ion  Fe+2      Ex)  Iron (III) ion  Fe+3

What would be the Ion? Beryllium: Sulfur: Copper (II) Ion:

Beryllium: Be+2 Sulfur: S-2 Copper (II) Ion: Cu2+ What would be the Ion? Beryllium: Be+2 Sulfur: S-2 Copper (II) Ion: Cu2+

Rules for Naming Ions: Cations 1.  For a monoatomic cation, write the name of the atom followed by the word ion Ex)  Li+1        Lithium ion Ex) The ion formed by the calcium atom would be the Calcium ion 2. For polyatomic cations, write the name as memorized from the ion sheet: Ex) NH4+1  -- Ammonium ion 3.  For Transition metal cations, write the roman numeral equal to the charge between the name of the atom and the word ion                                     Ex)  Fe+3        Iron (III) ion

You MUST include the word ion otherwise you will not know if you are referring to an atom or not!!!

Rules for Naming Ions: Anions – For a monoatomic anions, write the name of the atom but change the ending to “-ide”, followed by the word ion Ex) N-3 Nitride ion Ex) The ion formed by the sulfur atom would be sulfide ion 2.  For a polyatomic anions, write the name as memorized from the ion sheet OH-  Hydroxide ion

a)  nitrate ion  Br – Chloride ion d) Cu2+ 

a)  nitrate ion  NO3-  Br –  Bromide ion Chloride ion  Cl- d) Cu2+   Copper (II) ion

There are 9 Polyatomic Ions You NEED to MEMORIZE – Make FLASHCARDS! The are circled on your green sheet – you must know the formula and the name for each. Ammonium Nitrate Acetate Carbonate Cyanide Sulfate Bicarbonate Phosphate Hydroxide You will be quizzed on the 9 on Tuesday, January 16th!