The Circulatory System

An Overview of the Circulatory System https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sANiVf-xIoA

Where the Heart is located

Circulatory or Cardiovascular System Circulatory System – Keeps the body working by delivering oxygen to body cells and removing waste (Co2) from the cells. Delivering Removing

Parts of the Circulatory System The Heart - is divided into FOUR Chambers

Three Kinds of Blood Vessels Arteries – Carries blood away from the heart Veins – Carries blood back to the heart Capillaries – Delivers low-oxygen blood to veins (Smallest)

Two types of Arteries Arteries start with A takes blood away !! Aorta – Largest blood vessel in the heart Pulmonary Artery – Carries blood containing carbon dioxide from your heart to your lungs

Three Types of Veins Veins start with V brings blood back to me 1. Inferior Vena Cava – Where the blood enters the heart from the body. 2. Superior Vena Cava – Where the blood enters the heart from the body. 3. Pulmonary Vein – Carries blood-containing oxygen from your lungs to your heart.

The Four Valves of the Heart Blood passes through a valve before leaving each chamber of the heart Valves prevent the backward flow of blood

The Four Valves of the Heart Tricuspid Valve – Lets the blood fill in the right atrium before it enters the right ventricle. Bicuspid Valve – Lets the blood fill in the left atrium before it enters the left ventricle

The Four Valves of the Heart Right Semi lunar Valve- Lets the right ventricle fill before releasing the blood into the pulmonary artery. Left Semi lunar Valve – Lets the blood fill in the left ventricle before sending it to the aorta Septum – Divides the heart in half

Parts of the Blood Red Blood Cells – Made in bone marrow; carries oxygen, food, and rids body of CO2 and Waste White Blood Cells – Help fight disease and infection by destroying bacteria and germs that enter the body. Made in the lymph nodes

Parts of the Blood Platelets – Help blood to clot, to prevent excess bleeding. Plasma – Water portion of the blood; 55% of blood is plasma

Four Types of Blood Type A: 42% Accepts A and O Type B: 10% Accepts B and O Type AB: 3% Accepts AB and O Type O: 45% Universal Donor RH Factor = is the + and – of the blood

Four Filters of the Blood Liver Kidneys Lymph Nodes – located in the neck 4. Spleen – Cemetery for the red blood cells Liver-Detoxifies chemicals and drugs and makes proteins important for blood clottin Kidneys- extract waste from blood (balance body fluids, form urine) Lymph Nodes- the production of lymphocytes, which help defend the body against microorganisms and against harmful foreign particles and debris from lymph before it is returned to the blood stream. Spleen- acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system. Old red blood cells are recycled in the spleen, and platelets and white blood cells are stored there

How Blood Moves Through the Heart

Blood Pressure: (Hypertension) Blood Disorders Blood Pressure: (Hypertension) The force or pressure developed by the heart, which acts to pump blood through the circulatory system.

Two Distinct pressures that are measured!! Blood Pressure Two Distinct pressures that are measured!! Systolic: A measure of the maximum force or pressure developed in the arteries when the heart contracts Diastolic: A measure of the lowest pressure, which occur in the arteries during cardiac relaxation.

Blood Pressure High Blood Pressure: Continuous elevation of blood pressure above the normal range. Ex. 140/90

Blood Pressure Sphygmomanometer: An instrument used to measure blood pressure. Stethoscope: An instrument used to listen to the sounds of the heart, or listen to the flow of blood through the vessels when measuring the blood pressure.

High Blood Pressure Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ab9OZsDECZw&list=PLJ-GYlMKMPQc4OXRe-EuUMuB0kC_lapk7

Arteriosclerosis Arteriosclerosis: Artery walls harden; caused by a diet high in fat and cholesterol. Causes: Smoking Diabetes High Blood Pressure High Cholesterol Overweight

Arteriosclerosis Arteriosclerosis - We will watch how arteriosclerosis builds up on the walls of an artery. - Overview of the Circulatory system. Overview of the Circulatory System

Arteriosclerosis Prevention: Treatment: Reduce the amount of stress in your everyday life Change diet to reduce the amount of sodium, fats and cholesterol. Regular Medical checkups Treatment: Medication Exercise

Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System Heart Attack: Stoppage in the flow of blood to the heart. Prevention: Reduce Stress Change Diet to less intake of Sodium (Salt) Eat less foods high in fat and cholesterol

Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System Anemia: Lack of red blood cells or cells that do not carry enough oxygen; may cause weakness and low energy levels. Prevention: Eat foods that are rich in Iron Treatment: Rest

Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System Sickle Cell Anemia: Your blood is unable to circulate properly. There is no prevention for sickle-cell anemia since you are born with it. Treatments: Blood Transfusions Medication Normal Blood Cell Sickle Cell

Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System Mononucleosis: A viral infection; with symptoms of sore throat, swollen glands and fatigue. Prevention: Avoid human saliva Treatment: Bed Rest

Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System Leukemia: Abnormal white blood cells In time they may crowd out normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.

Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System Stroke: Happens when a cluster of blood cells blocks blood vessels in the brain. Stroke Stroke is a “Brain Attack”

Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System Prevention: Don’t Smoke Drink in moderation (21) Get cholesterol checked Exercise 30 minutes daily Consume a low fat diet Treatment: Medication Rehabilitation

Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System Hemophilia: Blood does not clot properly Prevention: No prevention, you are born a hemophiliac Treatment: Transfusions of blood clotting factors.

Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System Kidney Failure: The inability of kidneys to function, resulting in accumulation of fluid and waste products in the body. Picture is graphic!!