Nobelova cena 2006 Andrew Z. Fire Craig C. Mello

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Dogmatic View of Gene Expression DNAProteinRNA Post-transcriptional Control: Quantitative Control: Levels of mRNA not proportional to levels of mRNA synthesized.

Advertisements

Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) Also called RNA interference or RNAi Process results in down-regulation of a gene at the RNA level (i.e., after.

Regulation of gene expression by small RNAs

Doug Brutlag 2011 Genomics, Bioinformatics & Medicine Doug Brutlag Professor Emeritus of.

RNA Interference (RNAi) Pathway

Biochemistry April Lecture RNA Interference (RNAi) (see also siRNA, micRNA, stRNA, etc.)

Revisions to the “central dogma” of molecular biology over the last 10 years, scientists have discovered an entirely new category of non-coding RNA genes.

Distinct Roles for Drosophila Dicer-1 and Dicer-2 in the siRNA/miRNA Silencing Pathways Lee, S.Y., Nakahara, K., Phan, J.W., Kim, K., He, Z., Sontheimer,

A turbo intro to (the bioinformatics of) microRNAs 11/ Peter Hagedorn.

Clicker question The 2006 Nobel Prize in Medicine was given to Andrew Fire and Craig Mello for their work showing that ____ can regulate the expression.

Epigenetics Course Title: Lecture Titles:

Mammalian RNAi pathways Michael T. McManus MIT Center for Cancer Research.

Regulation of Gene Expression by RNA Brian Reinert

RNAi. What is RNAi? RNA-based mechanisms of gene silencing. These siRNAs are bound by a protein-RNA complex called the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)

Molecular Cellular Biology-I (MCB-I) PCB 6025 M. Alejandro Barbieri M. Alejandro Barbieri Office: HLS 318C/214 Hours: by appointment.

MicroRNA Targets Prediction and Analysis. Small RNAs play important roles The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2006 Andrew Z. Fire and Craig.

Transfection. What is transfection? Broadly defined, transfection is the process of artificially introducing nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) into cells, utilizing.

Regulatory RNAs. Cells produce several types of RNA.

Introduction to C. elegans and RNA interference Why study model organisms?

Computational Molecular Biology Biochem 218 – BioMedical Informatics miRNA Regulatory.

MBP1007/ Nucleic Acids A functional mRNA: The cytoplasmic story Objectives (1) To discuss the iNUTS and iBOLTS of how mRNAs function in the cytoplasm.

SiRNA and Epigenetic Asma Siddique Saloom Aslam Syeda Zainab Ali.

Changes to Syllabus: Quizzes put back: Change Oct. 3 to Oct. 17

RNA interference: Kill the messenger!. conclusion: dsRNA triggers potent and specific gene silencing inject worms with dsRNA corresponding to.

What is RNA interference?

Chapter 25 The RNA World. microRNA Previously thought to be “junk” DNA – Now determined to “code” for other RNA ENCODE project Andrew Fire and Craig Mello.

Welcome Everyone. Self introduction Sun, Luguo ( 孙陆果） Contact me by Professor in School of Life Sciences & National Engineering.

Drosha. 121th Lab meeting 석사 2 년 박 은 실.

SmallRNAs Small molecules, big functions. Brief history The first described microRNA, lin-4 was cloned and characterised as a translational repressor.

Youngae Lee Identification of microRNA function by target prediction and expression profiling.

Conditional systems - principles Conditional systems may function on the basis of: - regulatory proteins - aptamers - allosteric ribozymes - antisense.

Caenorhabditis elegans

Biochemistry 412 RNA Interference (RNAi) (see also siRNA, micRNA, stRNA, etc.) 8 April 2005 Lecture.

The Power of “Genetics” LOSS OF FUNCTION Easy in yeast Difficult in mammals Powerful tool to address roles in developmental or signaling networks Gene.

Introduction to C. elegans and RNA interference Why study model organisms?

The mechanism of RNAi by Renchang. Guo S et al, a gene required for establishing polarity in C. elegans embryos, encoding a putative Ser/Thr kinase that.

RNA-ligand interactions and control of gene expression

Regulatory Relationship of microRNAs in Alzheimer and Huntington Diseases: A Cladistics Approach Prachi Srivastava AMITY Institute of Biotechnology AMITY.

Vectors for RNAi.

Atta ur Rahman school of biological Science National University of Sciences & Technology CMB-234:Molecular Biology.

Ch 16. Posttranscriptional Regulation RNA interference (RNAi)

Non-Coding RNA Helen Nordquist November 13, 2015.

Homework #2 is due 10/17 Bonus #1 is due 10/24 Office hours: M 10/ :30am 2-5pm in Bio 6.

Conditional systems - principles

Telephone    Provider of Global Contract Research Services Accelerating Preclinical Research, Drug Discovery.

This paper is about RNA can inhibit gene expression

From: Emerging Roles for MicroRNAs in Perioperative Medicine

Biogenesis of micro (mi) and silencing (si)RNAs

ABPG: RNomics, lecture #2

Figure Legend: From: Noncoding RNAs:New Players in Chronic Pain

Nobel price 2006 Andrew Z. Fire Craig C. Mello

Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression – 2

Mammalian RNAi pathways MIT Center for Cancer Research

GENE SILENCING By Dr.S.K.Sarangi Dept.of MB & BT Jnanabharathi Campus

Steps in microRNA gene silencing

“Gene Expression Regulation”

Short interfering RNA siRNA

Short interfering RNA siRNA

Short interfering RNA siRNA

RNA interference: the new somatic cell genetics?

RNA interference: It's a small RNA world

siRNA / microRNA epigenetics stem cells

Introduction to C. elegans

Dicers at RISC Cell Volume 117, Issue 1, Pages 1-3 (April 2004)

Introduction to C. elegans

RNAi: Insight, Mechanisms and Potential

Engineering parathyroid cells to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism

Volume 38, Issue 6, Pages (June 2010)

The Power of “Genetics”

Presentation transcript:

Nobelova cena 2006 Andrew Z. Fire Craig C. Mello "for their discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNA" Andrew Z. Fire Craig C. Mello USA Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA, USA University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, MA, USA Született: 1959 Született: 1960 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

Serendipity? Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans Andrew Fire, SiQun Xu, Mary K. Montgomery,Steven A. Kostas, Samuel E. Driver & Craig C. Mello NATURE | VOL 391 | 19 FEBRUARY 1998 Začali pracovať na niečom inom, elegantné pokusy Na C. Elegans Gene expression – sense RNA (kontrola) Gene silencing – antisense RNA, fungovalo, ale slabo Ešte jedna kontrola – dvojvláknové (s-as) RNA, nemalo fungovať, ale predsa 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

Nobelova cena za pokus dsRNA blokuje target mRNA asRNS dsRNS 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

Nezávisle Drosophila (Elbashir, EMBO J, 2001, Genes and Dev, 2001) dsRNA → 21-23 nt malé dsRNA small interferring RNA – siRNA siRNS 21-25 nt dsRNA väčší dsRNA prekurzor 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

Sú kódované v genóme C. elegans (Lee, 1993, Cell) lin-4 potlačí lin-14 NEKÓDUJE BIELKOVINU kóduje malé (61 → 22nt) RNA lin-14 mRNS 3’ UTR komplementerita brzdí tvorbu bielkoviny Lin-14 Je to regulačná RNA Aj v iných organizmoch microRNA (miRNA) 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

miRNS biogenéza Kód prepísaný polymerázou II Viac foriem – separované - 1 miRNA – kluster – viac vedľa seba – v INTRONOCH Mendell, 2008, Cell Prvotný transkript – pri-miRNA 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

Biogenéza a účinok siRNA 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt Dykxhoorn, 2003, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol

Finalizácia mi a siRNA Bielkovinové komplexy Dicer urobí siRNA (+ATP) RISC – komplex s siRNA, rozštiepi mRNA (+ATP) Argonauta – blokáda translácie 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

siRNA účinok 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt Eckstein, 2005, TIBS

Druhá možnosť miRNA Inhibícia translácie 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

miRNA - úlohy Ľudský genóm k´duje ~ 500 – 1000 miRNa 1-1,5 % štruktúrnych génov Nová (?) forma regulácie expresie génov – na rozhraní transkrpcie a translácie miRNA expresia závislosť od ontogenézy, tkanivová špecificita Úlohy Vývoj, diferenciácia, apoptóza, bunkový cyklus 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

miRNA, predpokladaný spôsob účinku 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt Carthew, 2009, Cell

miRNA úlohy Jedna miRNA reguluje viac mRNA (Lim, 2005, Nature) miR-1 – srdce, miR-124 – mozog In vitro experimenty miR-1 96, miR124 downregulolval 174 génov 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

miRNA pri ochoreniach miRNA profil rozdielny v normálnych a rakovinových bunkách miRNA profily pri diabete, ochoreniach KVS, obličiek, degeneratívnych ochoreniach CNS je predmentom intenzívneho výskumu, zatiaľ bez výsledkov pre prax Terapeutické možnosti? Rakovina Farmakogenetika Design umelých siRNA? Jednoduché to nebude Dostať siRNA na správne miesto - nanobiotechnológia 10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt

10.4.2013 rnaisk.ppt Fewell, 2006, Drug Discovery