Structure & Properties of Matter By Lexi Resch, Lucy Manvelyan, Carrie Sun, Erik Brice, Alonso Escalante

What is color? How an object looks in terms of brightness Example: what color is this?? Color is the appearance of an object in terms of a person’s perception on brightness, hue and saturation 1st color: green // 2nd color: purple // 3rd color: yellow

Texture The look and feel of an object or a surface Example: smooth or rough? Texture is the feel, appearance, or consistency of a substance or a surface. Different types of texture include soft, fuzzy, rough, spiky, glossy, bumpy, hard, etc. 1st example: smooth // 2nd example: rough

Hardness How resistant a solid is to different kinds of shape change when there is force Example: Which one is harder? Hardness measures the quality or condition of being hard. If an object takes a lot of energy to deform, then the object is hard. Example 1: not hard (soft) // Example 2: very hard

Flexibility The quality of bending easily without breaking Example: Which is flexible? 1)Flexibility is the ability of being bent; usually without breaking; easily bent. 2) The rubberband holds a property of flexibility because it bends easily. The pencil does not because it would break if you tried to bend it.

Brittleness When something breaks into smaller pieces easily under stress Example:What objects below are brittle? A material is brittle when it breaks into smaller pieces under stress;however, the material does not show any significant deformation (change in hardness, texture, color). Glasses and ceramics are common examples of brittle materials

Malleability Something is malleable when it deforms or flattens under stress What is the difference between Malleability and Brittleness? Often applies to metals; when a material can be hammered, bended, or undergo stress without breaking into pieces. When these types of forces are applied, the most common deformation is flattening

Lustrous An object is lustrous when it has a natural shine Rocks are often lustrous, can you tell which rocks below are lustrous? a glow of reflected light, can also be described as sheen within an object. Use rocks with different levels of natural luster to give examples. (rightmost rock is most lustrous, leftmost rock does not have any luster)

Absorbency Ability of something to take in and hold liquid and heat. The object’s capability of absorbing moisture, heat, light and etc. 1) sponge can absorb water 2) plants absorb sunlight/heat to grow

Solid Firm and stable in shape. Mix cornstarch and water to make a non-newtonian fluid. It acts flows like a liquid, but when it is pressed upon, acts like a solid.

Liquid A free flowing substance that has the consistency of water or oil. Show the students how free water runs and compare it to something thick like oil. The viscosity is different, but they're still considered liquids.

Gas An air like substance that expands freely into a room of space. Remind that students that the air we breathe is mostly Nitrogen than Oxygen. Also we exhale CO2, which is a gas and plants give us O2 to breathe in.

What is an observation? An observation is the process of observing something or someone carefully to gain information Example: Observing a seed germinating 1)An observation is an act or instance of viewing or noting a fact or occurrence for some scientific or other special purpose. 2) The students would be observing a plant germinate as shown in the image above.

What is an investigation? The action of finding information about an event Example: How much sunlight and water is needed for a plant to grow? An investigation is the process of investigating or the condition of being invested. It can also be defined as a searching inquiry for ascertaining facts; detailed or careful examination. In the example above, the students would be observing how much sunlight and water is needed for a plant to germinate and would gather info. based on their results.

Vocab List Color Texture Hardness Flexibility Absorbency Observation Solid Liquid Gas Investigation