Newton’s First and Second Laws of Motion Chapter 12 Section 2 Page 363-369

Aristotle Greek scientist and philosopher Made many scientific discoveries through Not but not always correct

Galileo Italian scientist (1564-1642) Studied about the world and how gravity produces constant acceleration.

Newton Isaac Newton built on the work of scientists such as Galileo Published work in a book entitled Principia Discovered that gravity affects all objects in the universe

Newton’s First Law of Motion 1st Law states: The state of motion of an object does not change as long as the net force acting on the object is zero Sometimes referred to as the law of inertia Inertia- the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion

Newton’s First Law of Motion

Newton’s First Law of Motion

Newton’s Second Law of Motion Acceleration of an object depends upon its mass Mass- a measure of the inertia of an object and depends on the amount of matter the object contains Acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on it (if force is doubled, the acceleration doubles)

Newton’s Second Law of Motion 2nd Law states: the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force acting on it divided by the object’s mass Doubling the mass cuts acceleration in half Units: Force is Newton (N) or kg*m/s2 Mass is kg Acceleration is m/s2

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

Weight and Mass Weight and Mass are NOT the same Weight- the force of gravity acting on an object acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s2) acting on it Same units as force

Weight and Mass The weight formula is basically Newton’s 2nd law. Think about an astronaut on Earth and on the Moon Weight on Earth will be different than on the moon Mass on Earth will be the same on the moon