What is Government?.

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Presentation transcript:

What is Government?

What is Government? Purpose Characteristics Enforce Public Policies (what are they?) Security v. Freedom Characteristics 3 Branches Legislative Executive Judicial Most bound by a constitution

State What is a state? Nation v. Country A body of people, living in a defined territory, organized politically and with the power to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority. Nation v. Country

Characteristic of a State Population Territory Sovereignty Government

Origins of Government Force Theory Evolutionary Theory Divine Right Theory Social Contract

Classifying Governments Who can participate? The geographic distribution of governmental power within the state The relationship between the legislative and executive branches of government

Who can participate? Democracy Despotism Autocracy Oligarchy

Who can participate? Democracy Supreme political authority rests w/ people People hold sovereign power and government is conducted only by & with the consent of the people “government of the people, by the people and for the people.” –Abraham Lincoln

Who can participate? Democracy Direct- (pure democracy)- people themselves create the policies Practical for small communities Indirect- (representative democracy)- group of people are chosen to represent specific populations

Who can participate? Democracy

Who can participate? Despotism Those who’s rule cannot be held responsible to the will of the people Oldest and most common throughout history Autocracy Oligarchy Totalitarian Usually gain power through force

Geographic Distribution of Power Unitary Government Federal Government Confederate Government

Geographic Distribution of Power Unitary Government Centralized Great Britain—Parliament Local Governments only to relieve burden of menial tasks Doesn’t mean Dictatorship!!!

Geographic Distribution of Power Federal Government Division of Power Ex: USA, Australia, Canada, Mexico, Germany, Switzerland, India and 20+ others

Geographic Distribution of Power Confederate Government Alliance of independent states Ex: USA Between 1781-1789, EU

Relationship between Legislative and Executive Branches Presidential Government (USA, France) Executive and legislative branches of the Government are separate Independent Equal Parliamentary (Great Britain, India) Executive is the leader of the majority party

Types of Government Anarchy Democracy Autocracy Monarchy Dictatorship Oligarchy Stratocracy Theocracy Plutocracy

Positives and Negatives of Government