Bellwork: Mon. Dec. 5, 2016 _________________________ creates mRNA from strand of DNA and occurs in the ________________ of the cell. _____________________ creates an amino acid chain from a strand of mRNA and occurs in the ________________ of the cell. ______________________ creates a complimentary DNA strand from an existing strand of DNA. ____________________ creates a tRNA anti-codon from a mRNA codon Word Bank: cytoplasm replication translation protein synthesis transcription nucleus

Replication. Transcription Replication Transcription Translation DNA to DNA DNA to mRNA mRNA to tRNA A ---- T A ---- U A ---- U T ---- A T ---- A U ---- A C ---- G C ---- G C ---- G G ---- C G ---- C G ---- C write these charts down

Color the Uracil Brown

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jt1R5I6qNc Amazing facts about humans

How our Genes Work m t t 5

Bellwork: Wed. Nov. 18, 2015 1. 2. 4. 3.

DNA’s Instructions for Insulin

What is insulin? Why care? Insulin is necessary for the uptake of sugar from the blood.  Without insulin, a person cannot digest sugars the same way others can; Instead they have a disease called diabetes. Type 1 diabetes (there are 3 main types) is a result of a genetic error that causes the person’s body to destroy its own insulin. (Autoimmune disorder) A person with untreated diabetes will suffer from weight loss, fatigue, and ultimately, death.

In humans and cows, this sequence is part of a set of instructions for controlling the production of a protein.  This sequence contains the gene to make the protein insulin: Human: DNA: C C A -T A G- C A C- G T T- A C A- A C G -T G A -A G G -T A A Cow: DNA: C C G -T A G -C A T- G T T- A C A- A C G- C G A- A G G -C A C Genetic screening can allow early detection of Type 1 diabetes.

Procedure: Using the DNA sequence given in table 1, make a complimentary RNA strand for  the human Write the RNA directly below the DNA strand (substitute U’s for T’s in RNA). Repeat step 1 for the cow.  Write the RNA directly below the DNA strand in table 2. Use the codon table in your book/notes to determine what amino acids are assembled to make the insulin protein in both the cow and the human.   Write your amino acid chain directly below the RNA sequence

Steps 1-4 (Example) Sequence 1: Human DNA C C A -T A G- C A C- G T T- A C A- A C G -T G A -A G G -T A A RNA GGU - Amino Acids Table 1