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CH. 7

1. Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called ____________________.

2. Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from the foods they eat are called _________________________.

3. Cellular respiration uses oxygen to convert the chemical energy stored in organic molecules into __________________.

4. What are the three parts of an ATP molecule? Adenine, thylakoids, stroma Stroma, grana, chlorophyll Adenine, ribose, triphosphate tail NADH2, NADPH, FADH2

5. Energy is released from ATP when A phosphate group is added Adenine bonds to ribose APT is exposed to sunlight A phosphate group is removed

6. What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

7. The energy of the electrons passing along the electron transport chain is used to make Lactic acid Citric acid Alcohol ATP

8. What is the correct sequence of the events/stages in cellular respiration?

9. The Krebs Cycle starts with Lactic acid and yields carbon dioxide Glucose and yields 32 ATPs Acetyl CoA and yields lactic acid or alcohol Acetyl CoA and yields carbon dioixde

10. Which process is used to make bread rise? Lactic acid fermentation Glycolysis Alcoholic fermentation The Krebs Cycle

11. Which of the following is not a part of an ATP molecule? Adenine Ribose Chlorophyll Phosphate

12. Which of the following is NOT a true statement about ATP? ATP consists of ribose, adenine, and phosphate ADP forms when ATP releases energy ATP provides energy for cells Used ATP is discarded by the cell as waste

13. Which of the following is released during cellular respiration? Oxygen Air Energy Lactic acid

14. What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?

15. What are the products of cellular respiration?

16. Which process of cellular respiration takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell?

17. Milk is converted to yogurt under certain conditions when the microorganisms in the milk produce acid. Which of these processes would you expect to be key in the production of yogurt? The Krebs cycle Photosynthesis Alcoholic fermentation Lactic acid fermentation

18. Two turns of the Krebs cycle will result in __________ ATP molecules.

19. The electron transport chain can produce up to _____________ ATP molecules per molecule of glucose.

20. Without oxygen, a cell can extract a net gain of only _____ molecules of ATP from each glucose molecule.

21. What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy?

CH. 5

1. Carbon can bond with one or more carbon atoms, producing a variety of _____________________.

2. Which statement is true? Simple sugars are made of polysaccharides. Glycerol is made of fatty acids. Polymers are made of monomers. Amino acids are made of proteins.

3. Which organic compound is the main fuel supply for cellular work?

4. A steroid is a lipid molecule in which the carbon skeleton forms Three-fused rings Four-fused rings Four open rings Three open rings

5. Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins? Act as a main fuel for cells Defend the body from harmful microorganisms Control chemical reactions in a cell Build structures such as muscle

6. Amino acid is to protein as Fat is to lipid DNA is to RNA Sugar is to fat Simple sugar is to starch

7. Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by lowering the Active site energy of the reaction Speed of the reaction Temperature of the reaction Activation energy of the reaction

8. How many bonds can carbon form with other atoms?

9. A substance that accelerate the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(n) Catalyst Lipid Molecule Element

10. Most carbon-based molecules are classified as Inorganic Hydrophilic Hydrocarbons Organic

11. The reaction that adds a monomer to a chain is called a __________________ reaction.

12. A carbohydrate made up of two sugar units is a ___________________________.

13. Polysaccharides include Starch, glycogen, and carbohydrates Glucose, glycogen, and cellulose Starch, glucose, and cellulose Starch, glycogen, and cellulose

14. Cholesterol is a Carbohydrate Saturated fat Steroid Unsaturated fat

15. An example of denaturation is An egg white changing to a white solid A protein folding A polypeptide chain forming A sweater unraveling

16. The differences between amino acids are in the Amino groups Side groups Hydrogen atoms Carboxyl groups

17. Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true? Enzymes work best at a specific pH. Enzymes are not affected by temperature changes. Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes are organic catalysts.

18. Complex carbohydrates are to monosaccharides as polymers are to __________________.

19. ________________ is a polysaccharide in plants that serves as a building material.

20. ___________ is a steroid that the body uses to produce other steroids.

21. A/An _______________ consists of a central carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a “side group”.

22. A specific reactant acted upon by an enzyme is called the enzyme’s _____________________.

23. Organic molecules composed of only one carbon and hydrogen are known as __________.

24. Non-carbon-based molecules such as water, oxygen, and ammonia are classified as __________________ molecules.

25. __________ and cellulose are polysaccharides found in plant cells that consist of glucose monomers.

26. The name of an enzyme usually ends in _____.

27. A/An ______________________ fat is a fat in which all three fatty acid chains contain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms.

28. A/An __________________ fat contains fewer than the maximum number of hydrogen atoms in one or more of its fatty acid chains.