How do cells obtain energy? Chapter 2.8 How do cells obtain energy?

CELLS and ENERGY Cells have many jobs to do. For example: grow, repair, making new parts and reproducing (making new cells). All these jobs require energy. Energy is the ability to do the work.

PHOTOSYNTHESIS: Plant cells have the ability to use the sun (energy) to make food. This process is called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis happens inside the cells, specifically inside chloroplast.

Photosynthesis The plants will use carbon dioxide CO2, water H2O and the sunlight to make sugar (food) and oxygen. H2O + CO2 sugar (glucose) + oxygen sunlight

CELLULAR RESPIRATION: Animals get energy from food. After food is digested, food pieces enter cells. The sugar -glucose is used in the process called cellular respiration. This process releases a lot of energy. The products are water H2O and carbon dioxide CO2. All this happens in mitochondria of a cell. Chemical reaction: glucose + O2 + > energy + H2O + CO2 (sugar)

Cellular Respiration:

glucose - sugar

Fermentation FERMENTATION: process by which a cell releases energy from food without oxygen. Some plants and other organisms (yeasts) can perform respiration without oxygen. This process is called fermentation. The products of fermentation are CO2 and alcohol.

Fermentation

Checking concepts: What is energy?

What is photosynthesis?

How is oxygen used to release energy?

What are products of fermentation?

Why are animals unable to perform photosynthesis?

What might happen if plants could not perform photosynthesis?

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?

How is fermentation different from cellular respiration?

Where does photosynthesis and cellular respiration happen?

Checking concepts 1. Plants make food during _______________________. 2. Food is turned into energy being released during ________________________. 3. Animals must get their energy from ________________. 4. The process of fermentation does not use _____________________. 5. The products of photosynthesis are __________+____________. 6. The products of cellular respiration are ____________+_____________+___________.