ENERGY & ENERGY RESOURCES 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & Energy Resources Energy flow important in Ecosystems Energy & energy resources important to economies Hunter-gatherer Agricultural Industrial Energy & energy resources Affect environment Affect environmental choices we make 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & Energy Resources Sources of energy for the modern industrial economy 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & Energy Resources Energy use related to Prosperity Quality of life More energy used: more GNP per capita but, Switzerland, Japan, Denmark, Germany have achieved high GNP using less energy than USA 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy How we use Energy Electrical E. Kinetic E. Heat E. lighting (room, street, advertising) heating & air conditioning air circulation Heat E. residential & commercial buildings hot water industrial processes Kinetic E. transportation cars trucks trains airplanes 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Electricity (In)efficiency: 2nd Law Efficient when running motors Blowers, fans, power tools ~ 75% of energy lost (heat) in generation from coal and “stepping down” to household voltage Inefficient incandescent light bulbs 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & Energy Resources Electrical generation sources Fossil fuels, 66.6% Nuclear, 15.2% Hydroelectrical, 16.0% Renewable sources, 2.2% 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Fossil fuels Coal Petroleum Natural gas crude oil tar sands oil shales Natural gas 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Coal Fossilized plant remains, mostly 250-300 Million yr old Abundant Enough to last ~200 years at present rate of use 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Coal mining Subsurface mining Strip mining Dangerous to miners Strip mining Destroys surface landscape Acid drainage 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Electrical generation from coal Source, quality of coal Emissions Ash disposal 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Petroleum Production Consumption crude oil tar sands oil shales Production transport Consumption 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Crude oil refined to: Refineries locations fuel gasoline diesel lubricants motor oil, etc. asphalt paving plastics Refineries locations By-products 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Oil production When will we run out ? Hubbert’s prediction World reserves 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Other uses for petroleum Plastics, solvents, asphalt, rubber 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Reducing petroleum demand Fuel efficiency C.A.F.E. standards Alternate transportation 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Natural gas Clean burning H2O Difficult & dangerous to store and transport Pipelines Liquid natural gas 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Nuclear energy 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Nuclear power for electrical generation 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Biomass energy Wood Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) Vegetable oil Land dedicated to biomass production Unavailable for food Nutrient depletion 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Hydroelectric energy Dams alter river systems risk of failure Johnstown, PA, May 31,1889 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Wind energy 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Solar energy 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy & US Economy Alternatives to fossil fuels Hydrogen fuel cells Used in space capsules, shuttles, International Space Station, since 1960s Strip hydrogen atoms of electrons Electrons flow (current) Protons pass through membrane Waste = water vapor 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt

Energy Conservation Drive less Drive a more efficient car Use stairs Carpool MARTA Walk, bike Drive a more efficient car Use stairs Recycle Make home more energy efficient Insulate, weatherstrip Turn thermostat down in winter, up in summer Buy locally grown food Buy locally produced goods 04 June 2010 Energy Resources.ppt