Unit 2-Matter and Chemical Change YAY CHEMISTRY!!!  Unit 2-Matter and Chemical Change

WHY STUDY CHEMISTY?! Pizza Ah! Pizza! HOW DELICIOUS! All the melted cheese, fresh veggies, tangy tomato sauce and the spicy pepperoni. It is fragrant, it is mouthwatering….. You are biting into a mouthful of CHEMICALS! Yes, chemicals!

You observe chemicals EVERYWHERE! Fireworks Frying an egg Baking a cake Autumn leaves CHEMISTRY IS LARGELY IMPORTANT FOR UNDERSTANDING OUR OWN WORLD!

What is Chemistry? Chemistry is the study of the properties of matter and the changes matter undergoes

Topic 1 – Exploring matter http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bVVsDIv98TA SAFETY FIRST! Safety in ANY science lab is #1. Take a look at this picture to see what is NOT safe.

WHMIS There are several symbols that help to keep us safe in a lab. We will be doing lots of activities in this unit and we all need to be VERY aware of what is safe, and what is not. WHMIS symbols are one way we can learn to be safe

WHMIS continued What is WHMIS? Where do we find WHMIS symbols? Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Used to tell us about hazardous materials Where do we find WHMIS symbols? Easy-to-see symbols on hazardous materials Used in the workplace to protect people who work with harmful materials

WHMIS symbols Poisonous causing immediate and serious toxic effects Compressed Gas Dangerously Reactive Material Oxidizing Material Flammable and Combustible Material Biohazardous Infectious Material Corrosive Material Poisonous and infectious causing other toxic effects

Every day Hazardous Materials All hazardous materials have a label showing a hazard symbol A hazard symbol has a special warning, color and shape depending on how hazardous the material is. These symbols are found on HOUSEHOLD products

The Symbols – 1st piece of info A yellow triangle means – CAUTION An orange diamond means – WARNING A red octagon means - DANGER

Putting it All Together

Lab Safety Rules Always wear safety goggles and lab aprons, especially when working with hazardous materials and liquids Never use glassware that is cracked or chipped. Do not eat or drink in the lab Long hair should be tied up. No open toed shoes should be worn in the lab. Do not have combustible materials near a flame – this includes loose papers Clean up your lab bench once you are done.

Lab Safety Rules Never taste chemicals Do not directly inhale chemicals – fan them towards your nose with container far away Please stand while doing labs Please do not wear loose clothing or open toed shoes into the lab Never pick up an object that has been heated with a flame with your hands Never look directly into the opening of a flask or test tube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xJG0ir9nDtc

Respond to Emergencies Sensibly Know where the eye wash, fire blanket, and emergency shower are located. Inform a teacher if someone requires assistance If chemicals are spilled on skin, rinse with water for 20 minutes If you get any chemicals in your eyes, get the eye wash as soon as possible and rinse your eyes for at least 15 minutes If you break something or spill something, please inform a teacher immediately. Do NOT handle broken glass! If a fire starts, inform a staff member immediately

When Science Goes Wrong Why Science Safety Matters!!!!!

MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet is a form with data regarding the properties of a particular substance it is intended to provide workers and emergency personnel with procedures for handling or working with that substance in a safe manner https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xJG0ir9nDtc

Classifying Matter Chemistry deals a lot with matter! Observations about matter Theories about matter Patters and behaviors of matter Matter can be either a solid, a liquid or a gas

The Particle Model of Matter All matter is made up of extremely tiny particles Each pure substance has its own kind of particle, different from the particles of other pure substances Particles attract each other Particles are always moving Particles at higher temperatures move faster on average than particles at lower temperatures

Classifying Matter Attractive forces between particles are weakest in gases, stronger in liquids, and strongest in solids. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCL8zqjXbME&feature=fvwrel (5 min)

Gas Condensation Evaporation Liquid Melting Solidification Solid

Classifying Matter http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WB0Kr8VA-74 (3 min)

Classifying Matter Pure Substances Elements Compounds A material that cannot be broken down into any simpler substance. Elements are the basic building blocks for all compounds. Elements are organized onto the periodic table according to their properties. Ex. Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), and Oxygen (O) Compounds When two or more elements combine chemically. When hydrogen and oxygen are combined in specific proportions, they form the compound water. Ex. Water (H2O), Carbon dioxide(CO2)

Classifying Matter Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures (solutions) Heterogeneous Mixtures (mechanical mixtures) Suspensions Colloids

Classifying Matter Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures (solutions) The different substances that make it up are not separately visible. One substance is dissolved in another. Substances dissolved in water are called aqueous solutions Ex. Heterogeneous Mixtures (mechanical mixtures) The different substances that make up the mixture are visible. Ex. Soil

Classifying Matter Mixtures Suspensions Colloids A cloudy mixture in which tiny particles of one substances are held within another. Ex. Tomato Juice – These particles can be separated when poured through filter paper. Colloids A cloudy mixture in which the particles of the suspended substance are so small that they cannot be easily separated out from the other substance. Milk – These particles cannot be easily separated. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U50qw3HTvc4&feature=related] Classifying matter song

Classifying Matter One way to tell the difference between a solution and a colloid is to shine a light through them. A solution will not allow the light to scatter. A colloid will scatter the light because the particles are larger than those in a solution. The light scattering property of colloids is called the Tyndall effect.