What is Biotechnology? The manipulation of living things to make useful products.

What does biotechnology cause changes to? Causes changes in organisms. Papaya’s in Hawaii Video

What is Selective Breeding? The intentional mating of organisms to produce offspring with specific traits. GM chickens are unable to stand or walk

Give an example where this might be useful. Cows for milk/beef Chickens for eggs/meat Salmon for meat

Offspring of Peter and Lois What is an offspring? Product of reproduction (child) Offspring of Peter and Lois

What is crossbreeding? Do you know what a Pluot is? Two different kinds of organisms are bred together. (Species) Do you know what a Pluot is?

Give an example of Crossbreeding tiger + lion = zebra + horse = horse + mule = Liger Zorse Donkey

Is a Labradoodle an example of crossbreeding? No, a labradore and a poodle are both dogs. They must be different species. = + Disposition with kids/family Doesn’t shed

What is Genetic Modification? Changes the genetic material of a living organism.

What is genetic modification used for? To make medicines and treat diseases Improve production of produce

What is Gene Splicing? A gene is taken from one organism and inserted into the DNA of another organism. (Left) The famous 'Vacanti' mouse with cow-derived cartilage in the shape of a human ear. (Right) Mice with human genes have different squeaks.

How has genetic modification helped farmers? Herbicides to kill weeds Develop produce that taste better and stay fresh longer from farm to market.

What is DNA fingerprintings The sequence of repeating units in sections of DNA can be used as a sort of “fingerprint” to a person.

What is DNA fingerprinting used for? Help solve crimes Indentify missing persons

What is cloning? Creating an exact copy of an organism

What was the first animal to be cloned? Dolly the sheep

How can cloning be beneficial? Clone animals that give more milk/meat Clone animals of endangered species

What is Bioremediation? Using existing kinds of bacteria to clean up the environment.

What is bioremediation used for? Cleaning the environment after an environmental accident (oil spill) Nitrogen-containing fertilizers are added to oil spills to help the bacteria clean up.

Can microorganisms be used to clean up toxic wastes? Yes, the bacteria!

What are some risks of Biotechnology? Health insurance may refuse covered based off of gene mapping Cloning humans? Genetically modified organisms could spread to places where they are not wanted Genetically modified crops could spread with resistance to herbicides May cause allergies.

GMO A GO-GO