Geology and Nonrenewable Minerals Chapter 16 Review Geology and Nonrenewable Minerals

All of the following are major carbon storage reservoirs EXCEPT Fossil fuels Sedimentary rocks The air The earth’s core The oceans

Of the earth’s three major layers, which one contains the greatest portion of molten rock? Lithosphere Core Mantle Crust Hydrosphere

In the earth’s interior, hot, molten rock rises, and cooler rock sinks in a process known as Subduction Erosion Convergence Convection The law of superposition

Magma fills the gap between tectonic plates, forming new crust at Subsidence zones Subduction zones Sedimentation zones Convergent faults Divergent faults

Most divergent plate boundaries are difficult for scientists to study because most are located: At high elevations On the ocean floor In Antarctica Deep in the earth’s mantle In highly active earthquake zones

Which three processes are needed in order to convert metamorphic rock into sedimentary rock? Heating, pressure, and stress Erosion, heating, and transportation Pressure, erosion, and heat Cooling, pressure, and weathering Weathering, erosion, and deposition

Most of the carbon in the earth’s crust is stored in: The atmosphere Ocean sediments and sedimentary rocks Fossil fuels Plants The soil

Chapter 14 Soil Resources

An even disappearance of topsoil is a sign of which type of erosion? Wind erosion Gully erosion Sheet erosion Rill erosion Subsidence erosion

Conventional-tillage farming Strip cropping Which of the following soil conservation methods involves planting different crops in alternating rows to trap soil and catch runoff? Conventional-tillage farming Strip cropping Conservation-tillage farming Contour farming Terracing

Terrace farming Strip cropping Windbreaks Contour farming Which of the following soil conservation methods would be appropriate for dry arid regions? Terrace farming Strip cropping Windbreaks Contour farming Crop rotation

GMO fruits and vegetables taste different from normal ones. What is an objection to the growth and use of GMO fruits and vegetables? GMO fruits and vegetables taste different from normal ones. GMO fruits and vegetables will only grow in the laboratory, not on large-scale farms. GMO fruits and vegetables will attract more pests than normal ones GMO fruits and vegetables can pass genes on to native crops when grown in the wild and upset the ecological balance GMO fruits and vegetables have no market value

Chapter 15 Water Resources

Damning the Colorado river in the US has which of the following effects? No effect on the carrying capacity for humans of the Southwestern United States and Mexico Increases the carrying capacity for humans of the Southwestern United States and Mexico Decreases the carrying capacity for humans of the Southwestern United States and Mexico Decreases the carrying capacity for humans of the Southwestern United States, but increases the carrying capacity for humans in Mexico Increases the carrying capacity for humans of the Southwestern United States, but decreases the carrying capacity for humans in Mexico

Previous question Explained H2O Reservoir More H2O for USA (higher carrying capacity) Dam H2O Reservoir Dam Less H2O for Mexico (lower K)

Gravity flow Drip irrigation Center pivot Sprinkler fanning Which of the following methods of watering crops sees limited usage nearly all over the planet due to high up-front costs to farmers? Gravity flow Drip irrigation Center pivot Sprinkler fanning Slash irrigation  Super expensive to lay down all that pipe! CA does this for 13+% of its irrigation (as of 2005)

Land masses hold what percentage of earth’s water? 97% 3% 0.001% 72% 66%

Previous question explained 97% 3% 0.001% 72% 66% How much H2O you see? How much H2O you see?

When groundwater is removed, the soil sinks in a process known as: Saturation Stabilization Subsidence Streambed channelization Sustainability

Previous question explained: The ground is like a jelly donut. Remove the filling (H2O or jelly), and the ground will sink (like the donut might cave in a little).

Using excess groundwater in coastal regions causes A sustainable water supply Condensation nuclei Surface water to decline Saltwater intrusion Both C and D

Previous question explained Groundwater OUT Previous question explained Salt Water Groundwater OUT Groundwater

Which method of irrigation is most efficient on average? Gravity flow Drip irrigation Center pivot Sprinkler fanning Slash irrigation H2O to plant!