Uses for Water Text pages 323 -326 Section 20.1

Three Main Uses of Water Residential Use 9% Industrial Use 44% Agricultural Use 47%

Residential Uses

Residential Usage Facts The average person uses 300 L of water daily. A lawn sprinkler uses up to 40 L of water every minute. Daily uses Brushing teeth – 19-39 L Showering 75-80 L Bathing (tub) 96-116 L Clothes washing 140-170 L

Industrial Uses Transport goods Dispose of wastes Coolant for power production

Industrial Uses Some industries that use large amounts of water produce Food Paper Chemicals refined petroleum primary metals.

True or False It takes 10 gallons of water to produce 1 can of soda. It takes 2000 gallons of water to manufacture one car. -True or False

Thermoelectric Power Water Use Thermoelectric power has been the category with the largest water withdrawals since 1965, and for 2000 The largest total and fresh and saline surface-water withdrawals were during 1980. Withdrawals increased during 1950 to 1980. Withdrawals declined and have stabilized since 1980.

Cooling Technologies Closed-cycle systems discharge heat through evaporation in cooling towers and recycle water within the power plant. The water required to do this is comparatively small since it is limited to the amount lost through the evaporative process. Because of the expense associated with closed-cycle cooling, once-through systems are far more common. Once-through systems require the intake of a continual flow of cooling water. The water demand for the once-through system is 30 to 50 times that of a closed cycle system.

Agricultural Use Irrigation – the process of bringing water to an area for use in growing crops. Main types Flood – flooding of an area that is flat Furrow- releases water into ditches dug between crop rows Overhead irrigation – sprinkler systems and drip or trickle from above the crops. Subirrigation – water is introduce beneath the soil

Use your text to find the benefits and limits of each type of irrigation Flood Irrigation -

Use your text to find the benefits and limits of each type of irrigation Furrow Irrigation -

Use your text to find the benefits and limits of each type of irrigation Overhead Irrigation – Sprinklers - Drip or trickle -

Use your text to find the benefits and limits of each type of irrigation Subirrigation