Oceanic vs. Continental Crust Venn Diagram

Oceanic Crust Continental Crust More dense Made of mostly BASALT Types of crust Made of rock Solid Make up tectonic plates Part of lithosphere Moving More dense Made of mostly BASALT 5-10km (3-6 miles) thick Younger/newer Less dense Made of mostly GRANITE 30-50km (20-30 miles) thick Older

Ch. 8 Goes along with foldable Plate Boundaries Ch. 8 Goes along with foldable

Convergent – “Colliding” Lithospheric plates are moving towards each other. FORMS: Mountains Trenches/Volcanic island arcs Volcanoes on continents

Divergent – “Dividing” Lithospheric plates are moving apart. FORMS: Rift valleys on land. Mid ocean ridges under water.

Transform – “sliding” Lithospheric plates are sliding horizontally past each other. Causes earthquake activity FORMS: Faults

Plate Boundaries Chart Fill in chart row by row

Plate Boundaries Chart Type of Boundary Sketch of Boundary Direction of movement Description/Features of Plate Boundary Examples Divergent Plate Boundary Away from each other Continental: rift valleys Oceanic: sea floor spreading, rift valleys, mid-ocean ridges (earthquakes) Great Rift Valley in Africa Mid-Atlantic Ridge East Pacific Rise

Divergent Boundary

Great Rift Valley

Mid Atlantic Ridge

Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Plate Boundaries Chart Type of Boundary Sketch of Boundary Direction of movement Description/Features of Plate Boundary Examples Transform Plate Boundary Sliding horizontally past each other Earthquakes, fault lines San Andreas Fault in California North Anatolian Fault in Turkey

Transform Boundary

San Andreas Fault

North Anatolian Fault

Plate Boundaries Chart Type of Boundary Sketch of Boundary Direction of movement Description/ Features of Plate Boundary Examples Convergent Plate Boundary Collision Continent - Continent Moving towards each other Mountains (earthquakes) Himalayan Mountains (still colliding) Appalachian/Ural Mountains (formed from past collisions)

Convergent Boundaries

Himalayans

Appalachian Mountains

Plate Boundaries Chart Type of Boundary Sketch of Boundary Direction of movement Description/Features of Plate Boundary Examples Convergent Plate Boundary Subduction Ocean-Ocean Moving towards each other, one is subducting (sinking) Trenches & volcanic island arcs (on overriding plate) (earthquakes) Mariana Trench & Islands

Ocean-Ocean

Mariana Trench/Islands

Plate Boundaries Chart Type of Boundary Sketch of Boundary Direction of movement Description/Features of Plate Boundary Examples Convergent Plate Boundary Subduction Ocean-Continent Ocean plate is subducting beneath continental plate Volcanoes form on continent , Trenches in ocean (earthquakes) Peru-Chilean Trench Andes Mountains

Peru-Chile

Notes page with 8 rectangles How Plates Move Notes page with 8 rectangles

Tectonic Plates Theory developed in late 1960’s In Greek Plate Tectonics means “one who constructs” The tectonic plates are pieces of lithosphere that move on top of the asthenosphere.

Divergent Boundary This boundary is responsible for creating new rock on the ocean floor known as “sea floor spreading” Molten material rises between the cracks of plates.

Convergent Boundary Plates are only moving a few centimeters per year, so collisions are slow and last millions of years Mount Everest is the tallest mountain (29,035 feet) created at convergent boundary.

Transform Boundary Los Angeles and San Fransisco are moving towards each other at about 2 inches per year, in about 10 million years they will be side by side.

Ridge Push As rock moves away from ridge it cools and slides downhill, which could help move rock away from ridge.

Slab Pull The edge of a subducting plate is heavy and as it sinks into the mantle it pulls the rest of the crust down with it.

Convection Current AKA Mantle Convection Convection current is a cycle of heating, cooling, sinking magma. As magma heats (less dense), it moves up, pushing against earth’s plates causing them to move. When it cools it sinks (more dense) is heated and repeats the process all over again.

Plate Tectonics