Blood.

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Presentation transcript:

Blood

Components of Blood Whole blood Red Blood Cells: Transport O2 to cells White Blood Cells: Fight pathogens Platelets: aid in clotting Plasma 90% water (solvent) Solutes: Amino acids, glucose, hormones, vitamins, salts, waste, antibodies

ABO Blood Groups Antigens: Proteins that help identify cells as foreign or natural Found on surface of RBCs Help to determine your blood type Analogy: Antigens are like jerseys Antibodies: Float freely in plasma Attack anything with foreign antigens ABO Blood Groups

Group A blood RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface What would happen if a virus with B antigens entered your blood? Your B antibodies will attack and kill this virus. Vein B antibody B antibody B antibody B antibody RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface B antibodies in your plasma only attack invaders with B antigens

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group A blood RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? Your B antibodies will attack, and cause clots to form. This person will die. Vein B antibody B antibody B antibody B antibody RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface B antibodies in your plasma only attack invaders with B antigens

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group B blood RBC’s have B antigens on their surface What would happen if a virus with A antigens invaded your blood? The A antibodies would attack and kill the virus. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody A antibody RBC’s have B antigens on their surface A antibodies in your plasma only attack invaders with A antigens

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group B blood RBC’s have B antigens on their surface Their A antibodies would attack the donated blood, causing blood clots. This person would die. What would happen if this person was given type A blood during a transfusion? Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody A antibody RBC’s have B antigens on their surface A antibodies in your plasma only attack invaders with A antigens

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group AB blood RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface They do not have antibodies to attack these viruses. What would happen if this person was invaded by the viruses below? Vein RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface Neither A nor B antibodies in your plasma Can you predict the antibodies they will have?

Group AB blood RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface Nothing bad would happen. They have no antibodies to attack this blood. Nothing bad would happen. They have no antibodies to attack this blood. What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? What would happen if you gave this person type A blood? Vein RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface Neither A nor B antibodies in your plasma

Group O blood What would happen if this person was invaded by the viruses below? The antibodies would attack and kill the viruses. Vein A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma will attack invaders with A or B antigens Can you predict the antibodies they will have?

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group O blood The A antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. What would happen if you gave this person type A blood? Vein A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma will attack invaders with A or B antigens

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group O blood The B antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? Vein A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma will attack invaders with A or B antigens

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group O blood What would happen if you gave this person type AB blood? Both the A and B antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. Vein A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma will attack invaders with A or B antigens

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

If you have type A blood, can you receive: Quick Questions If you have type A blood, can you receive: Type A blood? Type B blood? Type AB blood? Type O blood? Yes No No Yes B antibodies will attack any blood with B antigens.

If you have type B blood, can you receive: Type A blood? Type AB blood? Type O blood? Yes No No Yes A antibodies will attack any blood with A antigens.

They have neither A nor B antibodies. If you have type AB blood, can you receive: Type AB blood? Type A blood? Type B blood? Type O blood? Yes Yes Yes Yes They have neither A nor B antibodies.

If you have type O blood, can you receive: Type A blood? Type B blood? Type AB blood? Yes No No No A antibodies will attack any blood with A antigens. B antibodies will attack any blood with B antigens.

Rh Factors If Rh+ If Rh- Cells contain the Rh antigen (jersey) Blood does NOT contain Rh antibody Can receive Rh+ or Rh- blood If Rh- Cells lack the Rh antigen, but… Blood contains Rh antibody Only receive Rh- blood

Blood type B+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Practice problem Blood type B+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

Blood type AB+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Practice problem Blood type AB+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

Blood type O+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Practice problem Blood type O+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

Blood type AB- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Practice problem Blood type AB- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

Blood type O- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Practice problem Blood type O- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

Scenario One Francis was just in a bad accident and lost a lot of blood. He is blood type B+. Can you help save him?

Blood type B+ Antigens: Which does he have? A B Rh Antibodies: Which does he have? A B Rh

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given B+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive B+ blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given B- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive B- blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

Agglutination: clumping of the blood Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given A+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive A+ blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

Agglutination: clumping of the blood Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given A- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive A- blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

Agglutination: clumping of the blood Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given AB+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB+ blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

Agglutination: clumping of the blood Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given AB- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB- blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given O+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive O+ blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given O- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive O- blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

Scenario Two Sebastian was just involved in an accident at work and lost a lot of blood. He is blood type A-. Can you help save him?

Blood type A- Antigens: Which does he have? A B Rh Antibodies: Which does he have? A B Rh

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given A- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive A- blood? Yes. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given A+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the Rh antibodies will attack. Can he receive A+ blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given B- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the B antibodies will attack. Can he receive B- blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given B+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive B+ blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given AB- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the B antibodies attack. Can he receive AB- blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given AB+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB+ blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given O+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the Rh antibodies will attack. Can he receive O+ blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given O- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. His A antibodies only attack A antigens. Can he receive O- blood? Yes. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

1) Can this work? No! The acceptor has A & B Practice problem 1) Can this work? Acceptor O- Donor AB- No! The acceptor has A & B antibodies. Their antibodies would attack the A & B antigens of the donated blood.

2) Can this work? Yes! The acceptor only has Practice problem 2) Can this work? Acceptor A+ Donor A- Yes! The acceptor only has Rh antibodies. Since the donated blood has no Rh antigens, this is safe.

3) Can this work? Yes! The acceptor has the Rh AB- Donor B- Yes! The acceptor has the Rh antibodies. There are no Rh antigens on the donated blood.

Review What are the components found inside blood? What are the ingredients of plasma? What is the purpose/function of RBCs? Which part of blood stop bleeding when cut? What do antibodies bind with? If a person has type AB-, which antigens do they possess? Which antibodies? If a person has type O+, which antigens do they possess? Which antibodies? If a person is type A-, list all the blood types this person can receive in a transfusion. If a person is type O-, list all the blood types this person can receive in a transfusion.